Study On The Morphological Deconstruction And Axis Pattern Of Coastal City

Urban spatial form under the same geographical conditions often has high similarity in the development and evolution and composition characteristics,t hus forming a variety of unique morphological types.From the perspective of urban design,urban design must be the design of urban form.The proposal of space design and optimization strategy must adapt to the environment and form type mode of the city,which needs to rely on a wide range of urban form research results.Based on the background of sea-land coordination and stock optimization in coastal areas under territorial spatial planning,this study constructs a research framework based on the research of coastal urban form types.Firstly,taking 20 coastal cities including Qingdao,Xiamen,Shanghai and Shenzhen in the eastern coastal areas of China as the research object,measure the compactness and equilibrium of the distribution of built-up area by the minimum boundary geometry,and analyze urban morphological characteristics under the influence of different natural factors from the perspective of contour shape: Measuring the correlation between the change of urban morphological index and related indicators,including urban economy,population,land use,etc.And summarize the impact of city size on morphological distribution.Based on the system clustering of SPSS,the frequency analysis of the compactness and equilibrium values of the built-up areas of 20 coastal cities in the central urban area is carried out,and the mean value of the morphological indexes with high frequency is obtained by multi-category clustering.Based on the analysis of fourdimensional quadrant diagram,the sample points are divided into two different morphological types: cluster(or combination)layout and axis layout under the representation of linear,belt,ring,ring and series.Summarizes the conceptual types of coastal axis-type cities based on the common characteristics of non-cluster layout of coastal cities,and explores its multi-dimensional guiding mechanism from three aspects of planning ideas,natural environment and development scale,proposes a research system of coastal axis-type urban form covering both time and space dimensions.Secondly,the research on the morphological characteristics of coastal axis cities in a certain form verifies the above measurement system.Taking Qingdao,a coastal city under the influence of the bay belt environment,as a typical case,this paper explores the spatial and temporal evolution and the axial characteristics of its morphological composition by quantitative methods.The morphological changes in the process of urban evolution are measured by indicators such as spatial pattern,shape distribution and land expansion,the morphological characteristics of coastal cities in the process of transformation from belt shape to cluster series shape and ring belt shape under the influence of the bay belt are summarized.Based on the current performance of the layout of Qingdao Ring Bay Axis,this paper selects roads,buildings and coastlines,mountain green spaces,etc.as the measurement elements of morphological composition from the particularity of coastal cities.The urban connection spindle is summarized by the spatial topology analysis.The built-up area is divided into cluster core surrounding area,matrix plane area and peripheral edge area according to the characteristics of architectural spatial morphology.And the composition relationship of peripheral coastline,water system and mountain green wedge is sorted out by topology diagram.Thus,the urban morphological characteristics under this development stage are summarized,and the morphological topology model of the coastal axis city in the mature stage is constructed.For coastal cities,the evolution process of its spatial form is mainly driven by the coastal natural coastline and port economy.The economic growth point based on coastal space promotes the agglomeration of urban construction coastline.Under the demand of economic and social resources,it connects with each other through transportation to form the most potential linear space for urban development.And it has been continuously strengthened in the process of urban development and evolution,forming a shaft pattern guided by natural coastline.Based on the geographical environment of the city and the influence of regional economy on the composition of spatial form,this paper chooses coastal cities with similar economic and cultural backgrounds,explores the general expression rules of urban form under the special coastal environment,and summarizes the morphological types of coastal axial cities,which enriches the research system of multi-type urban form in China.The research paradigm of coastal axis-type urban morphology proposed and its application in the morphological study of Qingdao reveal the morphological evolution law and future development possibility of coastal axis-type cities around the bay,which can provide scientific basis for the future development prediction of coastal cities at different development stages under the influence of the baybelt environment.