Research On The Optimization Of PV Integrated Dynamic Shading Device Design Based On Genetic Algorithm

Photovoltaic shading is a part of integrated photovoltaic building technology,which can provide both shading and power generation,increasing building capacity while reducing indoor cooling energy consumption and improving indoor light comfort.The purpose of this paper is to build an integrated simulation program to optimize the design of dynamic PV shading panels for use in Qingdao based on a parametric performance design approach.The abundant solar radiation and light conditions in Qingdao area make the application of solar photovoltaic technology highly potential.A genetic algorithm was used to determine the shading requirements for the south-facing window surfaces in Qingdao using radiation levels as the target: horizontal shading gradually increases from spring,maintains a maximum area in summer,and is not needed in autumn and winter;the east side needs triangular vertical shading only in July;the west side increases the shading area from spring to a maximum in August,after which it is no longer needed.The initial parameter model was obtained by measuring the photothermal environment with the existing student dormitory in Qingdao.The energy efficiency of using dynamic PV shading is analyzed for different regions in China.A comprehensive cross-sectional and longitudinal comparison of five cities was conducted to determine the feasibility of dynamic PV shading and summarize the laws.Compared with the noshading strategy,the net energy consumption of the mobile shading strategy is reduced in all five cities,with energy savings ranging from 31.80% to 107.36%.In terms of energy savings,the use of PV shading in hot summer regions does not need to consider specifying a dynamic strategy,while there is a significant gain in PV shading using a dynamic strategy in cold winter regions.The payback period for using dynamic PV shading strategies in different climate zones ranges from 5 to 8 years.The benefits of dynamic PV strategies gradually increase with increasing urban latitude.The net energy consumption of Qingdao using PV shading panels is lower among the five cities,and the payback period of using dynamic PV shading panels is close to that of the southern cities.The energy and economic aspects demonstrate the feasibility of dynamic photovoltaic shades in the Qingdao area.Quantitative analysis of the intensity of the impact of the PV shade’s own parameters and location parameters on the indoor environment identified PV panel width,angle,and height as important impact parameters.With the help of Octopus plugin on Grasshopper parametric platform,genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of PV shading panels.A program for lighting control based on specific measurement points in the room is also established to provide a light control model for dynamic control of PV shading on the GH platform.The results of the multi-objective optimization of energy consumption and light environment show a strong constraint relationship,which is obvious in the east direction,followed by the west direction and the weakest in the south direction.The energy saving effect in the east direction optimal solution is above 44%,and the higher energy saving effect has higher infringement on indoor natural lighting than the south direction and west direction.The south direction optimization result is more stable in the double objective,and the energy saving effect is above 73%.The west direction optimization result is between the south direction and east direction.It provides data support for the application of photovoltaic sunshade on building facade in Qingdao area.The optimization procedure of photovoltaic sunshade is obtained through the study,and with the help of parametric platform,the complex model problem will be simplified,and the user can discover the underlying logic behind the problem through simple parameter settings.The ideas and models of this study are also applicable to PV shading problems in other regions.The analysis module of dynamic PV shading in building applications is improved to help 2060 China’s long-term goal of carbon neutrality.