Research On The Layout Of Regional Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities

With the introduction of the concept of "carbon neutrality",China will work in a more effective and efficient way to reduce energy consumption and emissions in all areas of society.The transport sector is a major source of carbon emissions,accounting for around 24% of the country’s final carbon emissions,so there is an urgent need to promote energy-efficient,lownoise,zero-emission electric vehicles.To promote the development of electric vehicles,a comprehensive charging facility system must be established,so the first priority is to carry out a study on the layout planning of charging facilities.On the basis of previous research,we combine the basic theories of site selection methods and site selection principles,conduct an in-depth analysis of the key factors affecting the selection of charging pile layout,establish an optimisation model for the selection of charging pile layout that integrates multi-element conditions,and solve it using genetic algorithms,and finally test the model and algorithms with actual cases.The main elements of the study are:Firstly,the principles and influencing factors of site selection for electric vehicle charging facility layout planning are dissected.Factors such as electric vehicle characteristics,economics,user service experience and macro-environmental impact are considered,and each factor is analysed in depth and their influence and role in modelling is fully taken into account.Secondly,the urban charging station layout and location model is constructed based on a multi-objective optimisation approach.It is necessary to allow charging stations to capture more traffic and gain more direct income through EV users’ charging consumption;at the same time,it is necessary to consider the construction location,number and scale to reduce investment costs,and on this basis,queuing theory is introduced to reduce the waiting time of charging users as much as possible.A model solving algorithm based on genetic algorithm is then proposed.A binary code is used in combination with a floating point code to express whether to build charging stations at candidate locations and how many fast charging piles and slow charging piles to build,setting up targeted crossover and variation methods for iterative genetic algorithm solving.Finally,an example analysis of the proposed model and algorithm is presented.Through the analysis of the charging station planning problem in Shahekou District,Dalian,the problem is solved using programming software and the results are analysed.The results show that the model and algorithm are valid and reasonable and can be used in the study of the charging facility layout planning problem.