Analysis And Implementation Of Real-time Collection System Of Rail Vehicle Vibration Data Based On Internet Of Things

As the speed of rail vehicles increases,there is more and more concern about the safe operation of trains,so it becomes especially important to study the vibration monitoring technology based on rail vehicles.At present,there are some problems in the vibration monitoring system of rail vehicles,such as expensive equipment,numerous wiring harnesses,high energy consumption and difficulties in remote monitoring.The emergence and rapid development of Io T technology in recent years have provided the possibility to solve these problems.However,it is still a challenge to develop the system using this technology and conduct research on monitoring the vibration of rail vehicles due to the existence of numerous modules,which make the selection and design difficult,as well as the challenges of low sampling frequency,insufficient accuracy,and low network networking and transmission efficiency,and there is not much relevant literature.Therefore,to address the existing problems,this paper designs and develops an Io T-based real-time vibration data acquisition system for rail vehicles as follows:(1)The hardware design and development of the Io T vibration monitoring system are studied.Firstly,a powerful and inexpensive MEMS acceleration sensor is selected as the acquisition end,and ESP32 is adopted as the main control chip.Secondly,the overall hardware function of this system is designed and analyzed to determine the overall architecture of the hardware part.Then,the circuit design of each part of the hardware of this system is carried out.By customizing and developing a special PCB board,a small and streamlined design is proposed and realized,which overcomes the problems of traditional vibration monitoring equipment with large space occupation,difficult assembly and high energy consumption.Finally,the hardware part of this system is packaged.(2)The Io T vibration monitoring software system was designed and implemented.Firstly,the overall software architecture is designed and proposed,and the development environment is built.Secondly,the acquisition method based on MESH networking is proposed to realize the efficient self-networking and acquisition transmission of this system’s local area network.Then,a high frequency sampling method using ESP32 Buffer mechanism is proposed to ensure the data accuracy under high frequency acquisition.The access and control of the acquisition unit through Web service is realized.Finally,the remote visualization and monitoring function using the Io T cloud platform is proposed to realize the online real-time monitoring of the system.(3)Experimental verification of the Io T vibration monitoring system.First,the system’s acquisition function,real-time storage function and real-time display function were tested,and high sampling rate accuracy experiments were conducted.Secondly,the system was compared with commercial systems for experiments to verify the accuracy of this system.Then,the impact working condition of the rail vehicle is simulated to verify the sensitivity and effectiveness of this system under this working condition.Finally,the practicality of the present system is verified in the actual running subway vehicles.In this paper,we design and develop an IOT-based real-time vibration data acquisition system for rail vehicles,which is mainly used for vibration monitoring during the operation of rail vehicles.The system has the advantages of flexible layout,modularity,small size,high accuracy,real-time acquisition,real-time transmission and real-time monitoring,which can meet the needs of vibration monitoring of rail vehicles more effectively at low cost.The system is built with an open extension architecture,which can be connected to more other Io T vibration sensors and extended to other vibration monitoring applications.