| Oudemansiella raphanipies is a kind of rare edible fungus just realized commercialization cultivation in recent years in China.It has delicate taste,rich in various nutrients,and has the effects of enhancing human immune function,reducing blood pressure,antibacterial,etc.,so it is favored by consumers and has a very broad market prospect.At home and abroad,a lack of systematic research on the physiological aspects of Oudemansiella raphanipes nutrition,especially the research on the nutrition of carbon and nitrogen in the cultivation stage and the effects of cAMP on the growth and development of regulatory fruiting bodies have been rarely reported.cAMP is an important second messenger of cell signal transduction,and its content has a great influence on the formation of fruiting bodies of edible fungi.Therefore,based on the theory of carbon-nitrogen nutrition,this paper selected the high-efficiency cultivation formula of Oudemansiella raphanipes,and studied the regulation effect of the cAMP on the growth and development mechanism of the solid,which provided theoretical guidance for shortening the cultivation period.In this study,the optimum C/N,carbon,nitrogen source and content of parent seed medium,original species and cultivation stage of Oudemansiella raphanipes were screened,and the utilization rules of different carbon sources were analyzed from the point of view of lignin and cellulose degrading enzymes.the suitable parent seed medium,original seed medium and efficient cultivation formula of Oudemansiella raphanipes were determined.The regulation effect of cAMP on growth and development of Oudemansiella raphanipes was investigated by NaF and cAMP,of exogenous cAMP inhibitors.The main research results are as follows:1.The optimum C/N was 32:1 by observing the growth of C/N hyphae and biomass of the medium(set C/N 10:1-45:1,gradient 5:1)and re-screening(set C/N 26:1-44:1,gradient 3:1).Mannitol,glucose,fructose,cellobiose,sucrose,maltose,soluble starch and tryptone,peptone,beef extract and yeast extract were selected to screen the best carbon sources sucrose and nitrogen sources yeast extract;the best sucrose content was 20 g/L with sucrose as carbon source and 16g/L,18g/L,20g/L,22g/L,24g/L.the best yeast powder content was 3 g/L with yeast powder nitrogen source as nitrogen source and 2g/L,3g/L,4g/L,5g/L,6g/L.2.Three kinds of carbon source materials,namely cottonseed shell,corncob and sawdust,were selected as the original seed culture medium,with C/N of 32:1,35:1,38:1,41:1 and 44:1 respectively.By comparing the growth rate and growth potential of mycelium,the optimum C/N of the culture medium with sawdust and cottonseed shell as the main carbon source material was 35:1;The optimum C/N ratio of corncob medium was 38:1-44:1.The activities of CMC,HC and laccase were measured when the mycelium grew to 1/3 bottle,2/3 bottle and full bottle.It was found that the activities of CMC,HC and laccase decreased with the growth of mycelium,HC first increased and then decreased with the growth of mycelium,laccase activity increased with the growth of mycelium.3.The main carbon sources of cultivated species were sawdust,cottonseed shell,corncob,(sawdust+Pleurotus eryngii bran),and three gradients of C/N of 30:1,35:1 and 40:1 were set respectively.Through the analysis and comparison of mycelium growth,growth cycle,agronomic characters of fruiting body,yield,nutritional quality and other indicators,the best carbon source and main material is cottonseed shell,the best carbon nitrogen ratio is 35:1,that is,the best cultivation formula is cottonseed shell 72%,soybean meal 7%,bran 20%,lime 1%,material water ratio 1:1.4;the biological efficiency is 6.41%higher than the control.4.Six stages of the growth and development of agrocybe aegerita were selected,i.e.half bag stage,full bag stage,primordium formation stage,mushroom bud formation stage,fruiting body growth stage and fruiting body collection stage.The cAMP content in the mycelium was determined by LC-ESI-MS analysis method,and it was found that the highest cAMP content was found in the primordium formation stage.Before the primordium formation,sodium fluoride and adenylate were sprayed,with the concentrations of 4 mmol/L,6 mmol/L and 8,respectively mmol/L、10 mmol/L,through the comparative analysis of growth cycle,agronomic characters of fruiting body,yield,nutritional quality and other indicators,the results showed that the application of 8 mmol/L camp could significantly promote the differentiation of the primordium of Agrocybe elongata,which showed that the number of primordium was significantly increased,the time of primordium formation was significantly shortened,and the biological efficiency was increased by 11.11%compared with the control,indicating that the appropriate concentration of camp could significantly promote the long-term growth.The differentiation of primordium was delayed by spraying different concentrations of sodium fluoride,and the biological efficiency of the first tide mushroom was decreased,which indicated that NaF,an inhibitor of camp,could inhibit the differentiation of primordium.The results showed that camp could regulate the differentiation of the primordium. |
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