Transgenerational Effect Of Elevated CO₂ On Population Reproduction Of Agasicles Hygrophila

The problem of global climate and environmental change was increasingly prominent.The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide（CO₂）is the main factor causing climate change,and the concentration of atmospheric CO₂ was increasing year by year.The increase of CO₂concentration can directly affect the growth,development and physiological and meta-bolic activities of phytophagous insects.This test set up two CO₂ concentration gradient（control treatment:420 PPM,high concentration treatment:750 PPM）artificial climate incubator,under the condition of indoor breeding elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration on Agasicles hygrophila（F₁,F₃,F₅）the direct impact growth,reproduction,analyzed the two kinds of CO₂ concentration treatment on muti-generational lotus grass jump straight chest armor physiological metabolism enzyme activity and the effect of continuous feeding and muti-generational Agasicles hygrophila effect than genetic phenotypic changes.The results are as follows:1.The direct effect of high CO₂ concentration on the development and reproduction of Agasicles hygrophilaThe direct effects of high CO₂concentration on the development and reproduction of Agasicles hygrophila were studied by constructing the two-sex life table of Agasicles hygrophila.The results showed that,under high CO₂ concentration,the pre-adult stage of each generation of adult was prolonged,the life span of male and female adult F₁ was increased,the spawning period was prolonged,and the spawning amount of F₁ and F₅ generation was increased,and the difference between them and the control group was significant.With the increase of generation,the early stage,adult life span,spawning period and spawning amount of the control group showed a hump trend of first increasing and then decreasing.However,under the condition of high CO₂ concentration,the adult life span,spawning period,spawning amount and the ratio of male and female were opposite to that of the control group,showing a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.In the same generation with different concentrations,the net value added rate（R₀）,intrinsic growth rate（r）,weekly limit growth rate（λ）,and early adult survival rate of each generation with high CO₂ concentration all increased,while the population doubling time（DT）was shortened.The net value added rate（R₀）,intrinsic growth rate（r）,cycle limit growth rate（λ）,preadult survival rate and population doubling time（DT）of F₃ generation under high CO₂concentration were significantly different from F₁ generation and F₅ generation.2.Effects of high CO₂ concentration on physiological and trehalose enzyme activities of Agasicles hygrophila adultsThe effects of high concentration CO₂ on the protein,protective enzyme and trehalose activities of the male and female adults（F₁,F₃,F₅generations）were determined.The results showed that the protein content in the male and female adults of Agasicles hygrophila in F₅ generation was higher than that in the control group.The protein content in the female showed a trend of decreasing at first and then increasing at each generation.The protein content in F₅ generation reached a significant level.At the two concentrations,the superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）in the female were increased first and then decreased with the increase of generation,while the male was decreased with the increase of generation.Trehalose enzyme in male and female adults of Agasicles hygrophila showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the generation increasing and reached an extremely significant level in F₁ generation.3.Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance effects of high CO₂concentration on Agasicles hygrophilaBy changing the environment of the female parent and male parent offspring were measured on the shape,fertility and longevity of epigenetic phenotype,the results show that in raising five generations Agasicles hygrophila,change the environment of the female parent and male parent,its parental eggs heavy,fertility,larva,pupa,and male and female adult life than the genetic phenotypic and cannot be passed on to offspring.