| Continuous cropping of bananas leads to the deterioration of soil quality and aggravates the occurrence of banana wilt.Using intercropping mode to alleviate banana continuous cropping obstacles is an effective measure to prevent and control banana wilt.In this study,a combination of laboratory and field trials was conducted,with Brazilian banana as the research object,and experimental studies were conducted in Ledong City and Chengmai County,Hainan Province.The experiment set up banana intercropping as Crotal Bean(IC),banana intercropping as Tian Jing(IS),banana intercropping as Melilotus officinalis(IM),banana intercropping as Vetch(V)and banana intercropping as White Clover(IT)Using the single crop banana(CK)as a control,the intercropping green manure varieties that effectively prevent and control Fusarium wilt were screened out through observation of the incidence of Fusarium wilt in the field and pot experiments,physical and chemical properties of the soil,and biological properties.In the verification experiment,the prevention and control effects of white clover intercropped in field plots on Fusarium wilt disease in brick red soil banana plantations were studied.Pot experiments observed the evolution of soil microbial communities in different periods and explored the mechanism effects of banana wilt prevention and control.The main results are as follows:(1)Intercropping of Crotalaria,Field Chrysanthemum,Melilotus officinalis,Vetch,Clover,etc.can reduce the incidence of banana wilt,while intercropping White Clover has the lowest incidence of banana wilt disease They decreased by 33.95% and 30.00% respectively.Intercropping legume green manure increased bacterial diversity,decreased fungal diversity,increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Ascomycota,and reduced Proteobacteria,Basidiomycota,Fusarium relative abundance.(2)Compared with monoculture bananas,banana intercropping with white clover changes the microbial community structure and improves the richness and diversity of soil fungal communities.Interplanting white clover increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota,Glomeromycota,and Zygomycota,and decreased Ascomycota,the relative abundance of Agrobacterium Gp16,Gp6 and Mortierella increased,while the relative abundance of Gp1,Gp3,Gp4 and Fusarium decreased.In addition,Fusarium has a negative correlation with Pseudomonas.Compared with monoculture of bananas,the amount of Fusarium oxysporum cultivated in the soil planted with white clover showed an increase after a decline.The number of culturable Fusarium oxysporum,culturable bacteria,and the ratio of culturable bacteria and fungi(B / F)in the soil intercropped with white clover decreased,but the number of culturable fungi increased.Compared with the single banana,the available phosphorus content in the soil of the white clover planted soil decreased the available potassium content,while the p H value,organic matter,and alkaline nitrogen content increased.Therefore,intercropping legume green manure,especially white clover,can effectively reduce the incidence of banana wilt,which may be treated with intercropping white clover to increase the relative abundance and decrease The relative abundance of Ascomycota(Ascomycota)is related to increasing the relative abundance of Acidobacteria Gp16,Gp6 and Mortierella and decreasing the relative abundance of Fusarium.Interplanting white clover can create a healthy soil microflora and become an effective measure to prevent and control banana wilt. |
