| Grifola frondosa is rich in nutrients and tastes fresh and tender,and the market is in short supply.Chestnut sawdust,as a traditional raw material for Grifola frondosa cultivation,is limited in quantity and its price has increased year by year,which restricts the expansion of the industry and its promotion to other regions.Agricultural and forestry resources are rich in China,and the rational utilization of resources has become a research focus in recent years.In this experiment,5 different kinds of wood chips were used instead of chestnut sawdust,and Pleurotus eryngii mushroom chaff and furfural residue were used to replace cotton seed hulls.The common chestnut sawdust formula used in production was used as a control.The mycelial growth of Grifola frondosa was cultivated with different formula,The fruit body agronomic traits,yield,nutritional quality,economic benefits,etc.were systematically analyzed,and gradually screened out suitable sawdust species and high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency formulas for cultivation of frondosa.At the same time,the use of Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue and furfural residue was selected.Grifola frondosa high-yield,high-quality and efficient formula,the research results were as follows:1.The sawdust of 5 common northern tree species was initially selected for Grifola frondosa cultivation.The results showed that apple sawdust and birch sawdust have good cultivation effects.The carbon content of chestnut sawdust was determined to be 47.30%,the nitrogen content was 0.32%,and the carbon to nitrogen ratio was 148.16;the carbon content of apple sawdust was 48.88%,the nitrogen content was 0.35%,and the carbon to nitrogen ratio was 141.04;the birch sawdust contained carbon.The amount is 48.76%,the nitrogen content is 0.34%,and the carbon to nitrogen ratio is 144.67.It can be seen that the nutrient contents of apple wood chips and birch wood chips are close to those of chestnut wood chips.In the cultivation of the two wood chip formulas,the mycelial growth rate was significantly faster than that of the control,which were 3.38mm/d and 3.36mm/d,respectively.The hyphae were white and dense;the budding time was 2d and 0.33d earlier than the control;The control was 2.66d and 1d earlier;the biological efficiency was 87.87%and 84.34%,which were significantly higher than the control 11.50%and 7.97%,respectively.The fruit body had better agronomic characteristics and nutritional quality;the average net output value per bag was 2.06 yuan and 1.88 yuan,respectively,Respectively 0.57 yuan and 0.39 yuan higher than the control.Therefore,apple sawdust and birch sawdust can be used instead of chestnut sawdust for Grifola frondosa production.2.Using apple sawdust to replace part of chestnut sawdust,a total of 4 formulas were designed,and the compound formula(B4)with the best cultivation effect using apple sawdust was selected:apple sawdust 36%,cotton seed hull 38%,bran 15%,sucrose 1%,gypsum powder 1%,soil 9%.The mycelium growth rate of this formula is significantly faster than the control,and the hyphae grows robustly;the bag full time is 38.33d,3.34d earlier than the control,and the harvest time is 49.67d,2.66d earlier than the control;the biological efficiency is significantly higher than the control,It was 86.50%,which was 11.41%higher than the control.There was no significant difference between the agronomic traits and the control;the crude polysaccharide and crude fat content were significantly higher than the control;the net output value was 1.99 yuan/bag,0.57 yuan higher than the control.3.A total of 4 formulas were designed with birch sawdust instead of part of chestnut sawdust.The compound formula(C3)with the best cultivation effect of birch sawdust was selected:chestnut sawdust 6%,birch sawdust 30%,cotton seed hull 38%,bran Leather 15%,sucrose 1%,gypsum powder 1%,soil 9%.The mycelium of this formula grows significantly faster than the control,and the hypha is white and dense;the bag full time is 38.67d,3d earlier than the control,the budding time is 29.33d,3d earlier than the control,and the harvest time is 49.67d,earlier than the control 2.66d;The biological efficiency was significantly higher than the control,which was 89.21%,which was 14.12%higher than the control;the agronomic traits and nutrient composition were not different from the control;the net output value was 2.13 yuan/bag,which was 0.71 yuan higher than the control.4.A total of 4 formulas were designed with Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue instead of part of cottonseed husks,and the formula(D3)with better cultivation effect using Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue was selected:chestnut sawdust 36%,cottonseed husk 8%,abalone Mushroom chaff 30%,bran 15%,sucrose 1%,gypsum powder 1%,soil 9%.The mycelium growth rate of this formula is significantly lower than that of the control.There is no significant difference between the bag full time,budding time and start harvest time.The biological efficiency is 73.82%,which is not significantly different from the control;the agronomic characteristics are better,There is no significant difference between the entity quality and the control,and the net output value is 1.61 yuan/bag,which is 0.19 yuan higher than the control.Therefore,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue can replace part of cottonseed husk to cultivate Grifola frondosa.5.Use furfural residue to replace part of cotton seed hulls,and design a total of 4 formulas.The formula with the best cultivation effect using furfural residue was selected(E4):chestnut sawdust 36%,furfural residue 38%,bran 15%,sucrose 1%,gypsum powder 1%,soil 9%.After determination,the carbon content of furfural residue is 49.48%,which is close to cotton seed hulls(52.98%).The length of the mycelium of this formula is significantly faster than the control,which is 3.53mm/d.The hyphae are white and dense;the bag full time is 37.00d,early In the control 4.67d,the budding time was 28.67d,earlier than the control 3.66d,and the harvesting time was 48.00d,earlier than the control 4.33d;the biological efficiency was 87.49%,which was 12.4%higher than the control;the agronomic traits were significantly better than the control;The nutritional quality is good,the crude polysaccharide content is 6.21%,which is significantly higher than the control;the economic benefit is better,the net output value is 2.36 yuan/bag,0.94 yuan higher than the control.Therefore,furfural residue can completely replace cotton seed hulls to cultivate Grifola frondosa. |
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