Analysis Of Anthocyanin Composition And Key Genes For Anthocyanin Synthesis In Red-flowered Strawberry

Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)is a perennial herb of the genus Fragaria in the Rosaceae family.It is native to South America and is now widely planted in China,Europe and other places.The fruit is nutritious and has high economic value.Most of the plants of the genus Fragaria have white flowers and occasionally yellow flowers.Marsh cinquefoil(Potentilla palustis Scop.)is a relative plant of the genus Fragaria,usually with yellow flowers,occasionally purple or white flowers.The red-flowered strawberry is a new type of strawberry that is cultivated by crossing the cultivated strawberry with the red-flowered potentilla through distant hybridization.The red-flowered strawberry four seasons red-flowered has bright colors.The red flowers and fruits have high ornamental value and economic value.They can be used for landscaping and horticultural cultivation,but the poor fruit quality is a key factor restricting the promotion of red-flowered strawberry.This study first analyzed the content of flavonoids in the flowers of different strawberry varieties such as white strawberry Benihoppe and red-flowered strawberry Pink Panda,Pink Princess,Pretty Beauty,and Carmine.The color of the offspring was analyzed,and the anthocyanin of the strawberry flowers of different colors was qualitatively analyzed by HPLC to determine the hybrid parents.The white-flowered strawberry Benihoppe and red-flowered strawberry Pink Princess,and Carmine were crossed,so that the hybrid offspring was in flower color,flower morphology,and fruit quality.Improved and other aspects,and obtained new germplasm resources.Two groups of hybrid populations with white or red color flower were selected for further analysis based on anthocyanin content,and use transcriptome sequencing technology and q RT-PCR to analyze the expression of key genes in the red-flowed strawberry.The gene FaF3 H and its promoter were cloned and analysis expression pattern.The main results are as follows:1.The difference color in strawberry flower is mainly caused by anthocyanin.There is no significant difference in TFO and TFA content between white-flowed and red-flowed strawberry.The anthocyanin content is significantly positively correlated with chroma C*.The main anthocyanin in the petals of red-flowered strawberry were C3 G and P3 G,which C3 G anthocyanins are significantly positively correlated with total anthocyanin content.2.In this experiment,a colorimeter was used to measure and envalue the color of strawberry petals of different colors.The results show that the vividness of the color of red-flowered strawberry is mainly related to the a* value that determines the degree of green and red.The chroma C* and a* are significantly positively correlated.3.171 hybrid offspring of Carmine ×Benihoppe and 120 offspring of Pink Princess×Benihoppe by conventional hybridization methods were selected for fruther analysis.The color of the hybrid offspring was between the parents,and they were white-light pink-pink-dark pink.Indicating that the regulation of strawberry flower color is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes.Most of the botanical traits of the hybrid offspring have trait segregation,and the generalized heritability is high(H2>0.70).The variation in the offspring may be caused by genetic effects.Some lines of the hybrid progeny of Carmine×Benihoppe showed double petals with bright flower color and large corolla stem.Some of the hybrid progeny lines of Pink Princess×Benihoppe had a darker flower color at the base of the petals.Breeding for flower color improvement is of great significance.Analysis of gene expression patterns revealed that CHS,F3 H,F3’H,UFGT gene expression was positively correlated with strawberry anthocyanin content.Among them,FaF3 H gene had the highest correlation with anthocyanin content in strawberries of different colors.4.10 white flower hybrids(white flower W)and 10 pink hybrids(red-flowered R)were selected for transcriptome sequencing.A total of 132,136,460 clean sequences were obtained from transcriptome sequencing of red-flowered(R)and white flower(W).Combined with gene annotation,151 genes were analyzed with significant differential expression.Among them,a total of 76 genes significant increased,and 75 significant decreased.Cluster analysis of the FPKM values of the annotated genes included 100 key anthocyanin synthesis genes and 65 differentially expressed transcription factors.The results showed that several key anthocyanin genes in strawberry red-flowered(R)as well as MYB,B3,NAC,and b HLH transcription factors are higher than those of white-flowed strawberry(W),and the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results are basically consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results.5.The full-length FaF3H gene sequence was cloned from different varieties of strawberries,the reading frame was 1095 bp,encoding 354 amino acids,and the FaF3 H in the strawberry flowers of several varieties of Benihoppe,Pink Princess,and Carmine was highly similar.The species F3 H gene has high homology.The FaF3 H promoter was cloned from two varieties of strawberry,Benihoppe and Carmine,and the analysis of homeopathic elements showed that there were mainly light response,some hormone response-related elements,and MYB and MYC transcription factor binding sites.