| As one of the important steps of crop mid-term management,cultivation is an important means to improve crop yield.The cultivation is widely used in the medium-term management of vegetables,corn and sugarcane,especially in sugarcane,which is an important measure to improve yield and prevent lodging.At present,most areas in Guangxi still adopt artificial soil cultivation,which is inefficient,time-consuming and laborious,and is not conducive to the realization of agricultural time grabbing.Some small rotary cultivators have the following problems:because of the low throwing height of the small rotary cultivator,the soil can not be thrown to the root of sugarcane,resulting in poor quality of the cultivation,and the cultivation depth of the small rotary cultivator is 10-20 cm,which can not meet the agricultural needs of the cultivation depth of30 cm in sugarcane.In recent years,with the development of urbanization,the number of young rural labor force has been greatly reduced,and sugarcane cultivation has gradually become a difficult task,in order to solve this problem.Based on the research and development ideas of soil cultivating machines at home and abroad,combined with the actual agricultural demand,this research is carried out from the following aspects:(1)According to the requirements of sugarcane cultivation,the depth of cultivation is 30 cm and the height of throwing soil is more than 60 cm.Combined with the characteristics of Guangxi plate soil,the method of throwing soil after crushing soil is put forward.Thus,it is determined that the roller of cultivating soil is composed of rotary chisel and improved Throwing Knife based on chisel.(2)Through the use of matrix laboratory software to analyze and calculate the nomograph of rotary cultivator working condition and the curve equation of cutter roller blade,the original parameters of cutter roller and the coordinates of cutter curve line are obtained,and the cutter roller model is built by CATIA modeling software.(3)In order to verify the accuracy of the discrete element method,an electric cultivation test platform was built.Through the rotary cultivation test of the standard cutter roller,the best working condition of the rotary cultivation and the operation parameters of the standard cutter roller were obtained.Through the comparative test and simulation results,we can see that the error between the simulation of the standard cutter roller throwing height and the soil groove throwing test is 4.8% and the torque error is5.9%,which proves that the simulation model is reasonable and reliable.(4)In this paper,discrete element simulation software is used to simulate the soil breaking process of the soil cutter roll and the soil throwing process of the soil cutter roll.According to the analysis of simulation results,the optimal parameters of the cutter roller are determined as follows: when the angle is 83 °,the comprehensive soil breaking performance of the cutter roller is the best;when the K value of the traditional curved blade is 2.25,the soil throwing performance of the cutter roller is the best;when the chisel blade is 83 °,the soil throwing effect is the best.(5)According to the optimized results,the cutter roller was processed and made.The field experiment was carried out with the cultivation depth and the height of throwing soil as the experimental indexes.The average cultivation depth of the cutter roller was 34.7cm,and the maximum throwing height of the chisel throwing soil cutter was 75 cm.Compared with the traditional Throwing Knife,the maximum throwing height of the throwing knife is 25 cm,which proves that the throwing performance of the chisel throwing knife roller is better.At the same time,the chisel crushing knife roller and the chisel throwing knife roller can meet the needs of sugarcane cultivation. |
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