Research And Experiment Of Variable Fertilizer Application Based On Banana Root Distribution

Fertilization is an important part of banana garden management.At present,there are two methods of artificial fertilization and mechanical fertilization.The fertilization of most banana gardens in South China is mainly manual operation.The problems of large labor input,low fertilizer utilization efficiency,incomplete plant absorption,and high management costs are not conducive to the development of the banana industry.Most of the banana planting in South China in China is mainly retail,and the complex environment of banana plantation makes the overall level of banana mechanization low.This paper studies banana root distribution characteristics,proposes variable banana fertilization based on banana root distribution characteristics,constructs a variable fertilizer theory,obtains fertilization decisions based on root distribution characteristics,and designs banana garden variable fertilization equipment for experiments to improve the fertilizer efficiency of banana gardens.This paper designs a variable fertilizer applicator by understanding the development status of mechanized fertilization in orchards at home and abroad,combined with the management mode of banana orchards in South China.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Study the distribution characteristics of banana roots and make variable fertilization decisions.Seedling stage: fertilizing length was not more than 0.22 m,total fertilizing amount was not more than 0.150 kg,the fertilizing ratio in each fertilizing area was about 5: 8: 5,and the fertilizing length ratio was about 1: 2: 1.Vegetative growth period: fertilization length was not more than 0.42 m,total fertilization was not more than 0.200 kg,the fertilization ratio in each fertilization area was about 1: 2: 1,and the fertilization length ratio was about1: 5: 1.The length of fertilization during germ development is was not more than 0.84 m,and the total amount of fertilization is was not more than 0.300 kg.The ratio of fertilization in each fertilization area was about 5: 11: 5,and the ratio of fertilization length was about 1: 1:(2)Based on the banana fertilization decision,design a variable fertilizer for banana garden.Using Inventor three-dimensional drawing software to design fertilizer applicator,theoretically calculate the parameters of the important components such as the fertilizer ejector,determine the performance parameters of the fertilizer ejector,and analyze the relationship between the indicators such as the amount of fertilizer and the speed of the fertilizer ejector;A control system with an Arduino single-chip microcomputer as the core was set up to connect and control the stepper motor drive module,and then control the stepper motor to drive the fertilizer drainer to discharge fertilizer.(3)Set up a test platform to test the performance of the variable fertilizer drainer.Through the platform test to test the operation effect of the fertilizer drainer,The results show that within the speed range of 4.5 ～ 10 r/min,the actual fitting curve of the amount of fertilizer discharge is in good agreement with the simulation result,and the relative error is less than10 %;The speed of the fertilizer device is 6 ～ 10 r/min,the advance speed of the machine is0.2 ～ 0.4 m/s,and the height of the fertilizer remover from the ground is in the range of 0.15～ 0.25 m.The factors that affect the length and width of fertilizer removal are primary and secondary: height more than rotating speed more than speed,The best fertilizing parameters of the machine: speed 6 r/min,speed 0.35 m/s,height 0.20 m.(4)Establish an EDEM simulation model to test the fertilizer performance of the variable fertilizer applicator.The results show that the speed is 6 r/min,the speed is 0.35 m/s,and the height is 0.20 m.When the model predicts a length of 1.20 m and a width of 0.18 m,The actual value of the fertilizer discharge length is 1.12 m,which is slightly smaller than the model’s predicted value of 1.20 m,and the relative error is 6%.The actual value of the falling fertilizer width is 0.16 m,which is slightly smaller than the model’s predicted value of 0.18 m,and the relative error is 11%.Based on the Inventor 3D software,a bottom plate model of a variable fertilizer applicator was established,and finite element calculation analysis was performed.The bottom plate was placed near the ground on both sides and in front and rear positions with reinforcement ribs,gasoline engine,and reducer mounting hole positions.After optimization,the stress And respond to work requirements.(5)A prototype of a banana plant variable fertilizer applicator was processed and a fertilization test was performed to verify the effect of fertilization under field conditions and the safety of the prototype.The experimental results show that the designed machine can satisfy the banana fertilization decision in different growing seasons.