Study On Ecological Benefit Of Ecological Landscape Forest In Yunyong By Different Tending Measures

Ecological landscape forest plays an important role in improving the ecological environment and protecting biodiversity.However,the long time of mountain closure and forest cultivation lead to high forest density,strong competition among trees,poor light transmission effect in the forest land and the differences in the growth and development of individual forest trees as well as poor flowering,which affect the ecological benefits of ecological landscape forests.To solve the above problems,the ecological landscape forests were taken as research subjects in Yunyong Ecological Conservation Center of Foshan City,Guangdong Province,and tending measures（thinning and pruning,thinning and fertilizing,thinning）were used to tend forest in safflower areas and fragrant flower areas of the ecological landscape forests in December 2017,and the growth characteristics,forest plant diversity,and litter water-holding characteristics and nutrients of litter,soil physical and chemical properties of these stands were studied.Finally,principal component analysis was used to evaluate the ecological benefit of different tending measures,in order to provide theoretical guidances for the rational management of ecological landscape forest.The results were as follows:1.Tending promoted the increase of the diameter at breast height and height of the main tree species in safflower areas and fragrant flower areas.At the same time,it also improved the diversity of undergrowth plants,the number of undergrowth herbs or shrubs in safflower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）and fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）,and remained stable or increasing and their diversity index and evenness index increased.The Simpson diversity index,Shannon Wiener diversity index,evenness index(J_sw)and evenness index(J_si)of herbs and shrubs in safflower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）and fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）were higher than the control after tending.2.Tending is beneficial to improve the effects of water holding characteristics（water holding capacity,water holding rate and water absorption rate）and the nutrient contents of litter,and especially safflower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）and fragrant flower area 4（thinning）were significantly improved.After tending,the water holding characteristics in safflower area 2（thinning and pruning）and fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）were better than other areas.3.The soil physical properties of safflower areas and fragrant flower areas were generally improved by tending.Among them,the soil physical properties in safflower area 4（thinning）improved significantly.After tending,the physical properties of soil in safflower area 4（thinning）and fragrant flower area 2（thinning and pruning）were better than other areas.The soil nutrient contents as a whole increased in safflower area 2（thinning and pruning）and fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）.The soil nutrient contents in fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）were higher than other fragrant flower areas after tending.The acid phosphatase activity decreased in safflower areas and fragrant flower areas by tending,but the soil catalase and urease activities increased in safflower flower areas and changed without a regular pattern in fragrant flower areas.After tending,all soil enzyme activities of fragrant flower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）were higher than the control,while safflower area 3（thinning and fertilizing）was basically the lowest among safflower areas.4.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the soil acid phosphatase activity was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen and extremely significantly positively correlated with available K,urease activity was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,and extremely significantly positively related to soil organic matter and alkaline nitrogen in safflower areas.The activities of catalase and urease were extremely significantly positively correlated with organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,respectively,in fragrant flower areas.In summary,the ecological benefit of ecological landscape forests with different tending measures was evaluated by the principal component analysis,and the results showed that thinning and fertilizing measure plays an important role in improving the ecological benefits of ecological landscape forests.