| As an important agricultural province in the northwest of China,the problem of land degradation in Ningxia is becoming more and more serious.Fenlong cultivation is an innovative way of land use.It has the characteristics to improve soil environmental quality and increase crop yield..This Research was carried out in Yonghui village,Pingluo county,Shizuishan city,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,using the large area contrast experiment,setting up three treatments of traditional rotary tillage 20cm(T),Fenlong 40cm deep tillage(FL40)and Fenlong 50cm deep tillage(FL50)to deal with the corn field,using the research method of combining field tillage experiment with indoor experiment.The effects of Fenlong cultivation at different depths on maize plant growth,.and correlation between soil physical and chemical properties of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm were studied.This paper discussed the effects of Fenlong cultivation on aboveground plants,soil physical structure and soil nutrients in northern Ningxia,in order to provide theoretical support of reveal how the mechanism of Fenlong cultivation technology improve soil environment,and use new cultivation technology for the realization of soil benign production in the region.The results are as follows:(1)The results of nutrient content in maize plant showed that the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in leaves and stems of FL50 were significantly higher than those of traditional tillage(P<0.05).Compared with traditional tillage,the number of grains per ear,yield and plant biomass increased significantly(P<0.05).Under different cultivation methods,the plant nutrient content and maize yield were FL50>FL40>T.(2)According to the data results,compared with the conventional cultivation,the plant height,stem diameter,dry matter weight and leaf area index of the Fenlong cultivation were significantly increased(P<0.05);the total length of root,the number of lateral roots and the number of axial roots of Fenlong cultivation were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize root of Fenlong cultivation were significantly increased(P<0.05);root activity and cation exchange capacity were significantly increased(P<0.05).The growth level of maize plant was:FL50>FL40>T.(3)The results of soil physical properties showed that compared with traditional tillage,the soil bulk density decreased,and the total soil porosity and water content increased.The results of soil three-phase ratio showed that compared with traditional tillage,the soil threephase ratio of powder ridge tillage was closer to the ideal state.The level of soil physical properties is:FL50>FL40>T.(4)The results of soil chemical properties showed that the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil treated by ridge tillage were significantly higher than that of T(P<0.05);The soil nutrients in the treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The level of soil chemical properties is:FL50>FL40>T.(5)The results of soil aggregate study showed that compared with traditional tillage,the content of water stable large aggregates,mean geometric diameter(GMD)and mean weight diameter(MWD)of silt ridge tillage treatment were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the mean unstable aggregate index(ELT)was significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with traditional tillage,the content of soil organic carbon in powder ridge tillage was significantly higher(P<0.05).The stability of soil aggregates and the content of soil organic carbon were FL50>FL40>T.(6)The correlation analysis of soil physical and chemical properties showed that soil chemical properties had obvious response to the changes of soil physical properties.Through principal component analysis,it is found that FL50 tillage has the highest score for soil environmental improvement,which is 0.34.The ranking of soil environmental quality assessment is:FL50>FL40>T.To sum up,Fenlong cultivation affects soil physical and chemical properties by directly changing the physical structure of the land.The soil environment for the growth of maize is improved,then the yield of crops is increased.Fenlong cultivation is an effective measure to improve the quality of soil environment,and the effect of 50 cm depth is best.This study provides a scientific basis for the application and development of Fenlong cultivation to improve the quality of soil environment in Ningxia. |
