Research On Production Capacity,Benefit And Value Chain Of Multiple Cropping Patterns After Wheat In Yellow River Irrigation Region In Ningxia

The Yellow River irrigation region in Ningxia is a major grain producing areas and also an advantageous production region of spring wheat.For a long time,,the waste of light and heat resources after summer grain harvest in the irrigation area is serious,and the problem of idle land resources is prominent.In order to improve the utilization rate of resources and realize the increase of farmers’production and income,and promote the optimization and reform of the planting system in the irrigation area,this research takes three multiple cropping patterns of grain-grain,grain-vegetables,grain-grain as the research objects,and carries out the research on the productivity,benefit and value chain of different multiple cropping patterns after wheat.The following conclusions were reached:(1)Maturity should be considered first in the selection of multiple cropping patterns after wheat crops.Tuber crops such as sweet potato and grain corn,which need a long growth period and cannot be mature after wheat multiple cropping.Some crops choose early maturing varieties,with suitable cultivation measures to mature,such as solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables f need seedling transplanting,root vegetables should ridge planting.(2)The variety types and density of seeded zucchini and white radish for both forage and vegetable were researched.The results showed that the maturity of seeded zucchini was low and there was no commodity attribute.White radish can be harvested normally,and the highest yield can reach 155065kg/hm~2when the plant spacing is 20cm and the row spacing is 80cm(62000 plants/hm~2).There was no significant difference in yield among different white radish varieties.(3)The potential of light and temperature production and resource utilization varied greatly among different cropping patterns.The light and temperature production potential of grain-forage pattern was 222246.07 kg/hm~2,and the resource utilization efficiency was high.The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield of forage sorghum was the largest,up to 62.34%.The potential of light and temperature production of grain-vegetables pattern was the second,leafy vegetables was similar to that of forage crops,which was higher than other kinds of vegetables,the utilization efficiency of light and temperature resources of solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables was higher,the utilization efficiency of cucumber was the highest in solanaceous vegetables,and the ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield was36.99%.The potential of light and temperature production of grain-grain pattern was relatively low,and the ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield of is less than 10%.(4)In different multiple cropping patterns after wheat,the economic benefits of grain and forage pattern and grain and vegetable pattern(except wheat-cabbage)were generally higher than those of grain and grain pattern.The ratio of output to input of grain-forage pattern was higher than that of grain-vegetable pattern and grain-grain pattern,which were3.6–5.4,1.4–2.4 and 1.4–2.6.The net income per unit area of wheat-sorghum forage in the grain-forage pattern was 1.9 times that of wheat-luteolus;the average net income per unit area of grain-vegetable pattern is:wheat-solanaceous>wheat-melon vegetables>wheat-root vegetables>wheat-leaf vegetables,which are 1114.6 yuan/mu,921.5 yuan/mu,835.7 yuan/mu and 497.3 yuan/mu respectively.In the grain-grain pattern,the net income per unit area of wheat and buckwheat is the highest,which is 516 yuan/mu,and the net income per unit area of wheat and soybean is the lowest,which is only 164 yuan/mu.(5)The value chain deconstruction analysis of different multiple cropping pattern after wheat shows that the value chain structure of the grain-grain pattern is perfect,the prenatal supply system and the production system in the value chain structure of the grain-forage pattern and the grain-vegetable pattern are relatively perfect,the grain-forage pattern lacks deep processing products,and the deep processing products of the grain-vegetable pattern are single.In conclusion,the production potential of grain-forage pattern is similar to that of leafy vegetables,which is greater than that of other types of vegetables and grain-grain pattern.The resource utilization rate of grain-forage pattern is the largest,followed by grain-vegetable pattern and grain-grain pattern.The economic benefit and the ratio of output to input of grain-grain pattern are highest,the net income of tomato and cucumber was more than 1000 yuan per mu,the economic benefit of grain-forage pattern was the lowest.The value chain of grain-forage pattern and grain-vegetable pattern showed that the system of prenatal and mid-production was relatively perfect,and the value chain of grain-grain pattern was relatively perfect.