Analysis Of Key Socio-economic Factors Influencing Of Regional Soil And Water Loss

Soil and water loss is one of the environmental problems endangering human survival and development.The impact of socio-economic factors on Soil and water loss is becoming more and more prominent.Quantitative research on the relationship between them has important reference value for guiding the scientific development of soil and water conservation.Based on the results of previous remote sensing surveys of soil erosion in Southern of Jiangxi Province,combined with the social and economic statistical data in the corresponding period,the importance of socio-economic indicators affecting soil and water loss in Gannan area was studied by using partial least squares regression model,and the key factors were identified,the variation law of key factors with time was analyzed.Finally,combined with the identified key socio-economic factors and the natural factors,this paper constructed the risk assessment system of soil and water loss in Gannan area,delimited the zoning of soil and water loss prevention and control,and put forward the corresponding suggestions.The results showed that:(1)In terms of time series,in the more than 20 years from 1996 to 2019,the total area of soil and water loss and the intensity of soil erosion in the southern of Jiangxi had "double decreased",the total area of soil and water loss decreased by 24.43%,and the area of strong and above erosion decreased by 90.71%.The effectiveness of soil and water loss control was remarkable.In terms of spatial distribution,it showed a transformation from agglomeration to divergence.The proportion of soil and water loss area was higher in the north and lower in the South as a whole,and the area with high loss ratio tended to decrease with time.The coefficient of variation of soil and water loss area in 18 counties(cities and districts)in southern Jiangxi was 0.07 ～ 0.39,belonging to the category of weak variation and medium variation.Anyuan County had the most drastic change,and Chongyi County,Longnan county and Quannan county were the most stable counties.The higher the erosion intensity,the greater the degree of variation.(2)The relationship between soil and water loss and socio-economic factors was significant,and the optimal characterization index of dependent variable was the total area of soil and water loss.The key socio-economic impact factors of large-scale water and soil loss indicators included crop sowing area,land area,total population,etc.The key socio-economic impact factors of proportional water and soil loss indicators included farmers’ income,per capita GDP,proportion of tertiary industry,etc.(3)The key socio-economic factors affecting soil and water loss in southern Jiangxi and their comprehensive impact degree were as follows: farmers’ income > crop sowing area > proportion of primary industry > per capita GDP > proportion of tertiary industry >total population > degree of governance > land area > road density.The total population,highway mileage,crop sowing area,land area and comprehensive management area were always the key factors in the different periods.The pressure of the total population on soil and water loss had decreased,and the impact of road construction on soil and water loss in southern Jiangxi had been increasing.Agricultural production activities had always been an important cause of soil and water loss in Gannan area.The problem of soil and water loss caused by fruit forest development can not be ignored.(4)The results of single factor soil and water loss risk assessment showed that the factors causing the high risk of soil and water loss in southern Jiangxi were population level,rainfall erosivity and economic conditions.Under the influence of the three factors,the areas of high risk and above accounted for 52.83%,37.7% and 37.02% respectively.The results of multi factor comprehensive assessment showed that the soil and water loss in southern Jiangxi increased from south to north.The proportions of very low risk area,low risk area,medium risk area,high risk area and very high risk area were 13.66%,27.64%,28.8%,22.5% and 7.4% respectively,and the proportion of medium risk area was the highest.According to the results of multi factor comprehensive evaluation,Gannan area was divided into four soil and water loss control zones: prevention and protection zone,agricultural production protection zone,development and construction protection zone and key control zone.The prevention and control measures in different zones had their own emphasis.The general idea was to adjust measures to local conditions and set up prevention according to hazards.