| In recent ten years,with the implementation of national environmental protection policies,land shortage,rapid growth of personnel wages and the needs of intensive,large-scale and standardized modern agricultural development,cage breeding mode has been more and more applied in the production of commercial laying ducks,and the technology is more and more mature.The cross cage has been widely used in egg breeding chicken production.If it can be popularized and applied in egg breeding duck production,it can well promote the development of egg breeding duck industry.In order to study the possibility of raising breeding ducks in this cage mode,the fertilization rate of this cage duck group with different population number and different male female ratio was measured.On this basis,the mating behavior,semen quality,reproductive hormone level,reproductive organ development and body weight and size of individual male ducks with different fertilization rate were studied,their correlation was analyzed,and the factors affecting the fertilization rate were found.The results can provide a theoretical basis for the application of captive egg ducks.1.Statistical analysis of fertilization rate of Shan Ma duck in its own cageMale ducks about 44 weeks old and female ducks about 43 weeks old were raised in this mating cage with different cage specifications,and the size of small cage was 150 cm × 84 cm× 65 cm(Length × wide × High);The size of the large cage is 176 cm × 150 cm × 65 cm(Length × wide × High).The small single cage group raised about 15 female ducks and 1 male duck were raised in the;The small double cage group raised about 15 female ducks and 2 male ducks;The big double cage group raised about 30 female ducks and 2 male ducks.The ducks mated freely in the cage.The results showed that the average fertilization rates of small single cage group,small double cage group and large double cage group were 63.75%±21.20%,80.39%± 11.15% and 73.30% ± 12.94% respectively.The fertilization rate of small single cage group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups,and the coefficient of variation of fertilization rate of small single cage group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups;The third fertilization rate of small double cage group was significantly lower than that of the first and second fertilization;There was no significant relationship between the three fertilization rates of the other two groups.2.Research of the fertilization rate and semen quality and reproductive organ development of Shan Ma male duck in the mating cage.According to the fertilization rate of Shan Ma duck in the single cage group measured twice later in Chapter II to select experimental male ducks,and the groups with low fertilization rat(group A: 9 cages),medium(group B: 16 cages)and high(Group C: 11 cages)groups were selected for the semen quality and reproductive organs of male ducks.The fertilization rates of groups A,B and C were(14.73 ± 10.50)%,(49.99 ± 4.07)%,(93.40 ± 2.28)%,respectively.The results showed that the average semen volume of male ducks was(0.306±0.189)m L,the sperm density was(18.205 ± 11.522)billion/m L,the sperm motility was 0.838 ± 0.145,and the deformity rate was(7.672 ± 1.658)%.The average volume of testis,average testicular weight and penis weight were(219.269 ± 73.728)cm3,(94.226±30.650)g,(4.174±0.899)g,respectively.And the average testicular index was 73.860±22.397.The semen volume of group C was significantly higher than that in group A(P < 0.01)and group B(P < 0.05).The massage response intensity of group A was significantly higher than group B(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between group A and group C.These men volume of group A was significantly lower than group B and C(P < 0.05),and there was a significant positive correlation between fertilization rate and semen volume(P < 0.05).3.Prevalence and correlates of fertilization rate and mating behavior of Shan Ma ducks in the mating cageAccording to the fertilization rate of Shan Ma duck in the single cage group measured twice later in Chapter II to select the experimental male ducks,and the groups with low fertilization rate(group A: 7 cages),medium fertilization rat(group B: 5 cages)and high fertilization rate(Group C: 6 cages)were selected for behavioral observation.The results showed that the average fertilization rate was 63.68%±23.05%,and the average courtship time and mating time were 12.50±5.65 s and 15.88±5.18 s,respectively.The average mating frequency was13.52±8.82 times per day,and the average mating success rate was 54.30%±23.87%.There were a few significant differences of the courtship time and mating time among the male individuals(P < 0.05).The mating frequency of group C was significantly higher than that of group B and Group A(P < 0.01).The mating success rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group A(P < 0.05),but has no significant difference with group B(P > 0.05).In addition,the fertilization rate was significantly and positively correlated with the number of copulation(P< 0.01)and the mating success rate(P < 0.05).4.Study of effects of body size traits and reproductive hormones on the reproductive performance of male ducks of Shan Ma duck in the mating cage.In the study on the correlation between the fertilization rate of captive mountain duck and the body weight,body size,reproductive hormone and their correlation of breeding male ducks:it was found that the tibial circumference of group A was significantly higher than that of group B;The content of testosterone in group A was significantly higher than that in group B and C;There was a significant positive correlation between live weight and keel length(P < 0.01),body oblique length and testosterone(P < 0.05);There was no significant correlation between fertilization rate and various indexes(P > 0.05).The comprehensive analysis shows that the breeding ducks of Shan Ma duck can show frequent and rich mating behavior when raised in this cross cage.The mating times of a single male duck in a day are as high as 32 times,but the fertilization effect of breeding eggs is not ideal.The fertilization rate of a male duck in a single cage is abnormally differentiated,which is distributed from 0 to 100% and has poor stability;The fertilization rate of two or three male ducks is more stable and efficient.The more semen,the higher the fertilization rate of breeding eggs;The stronger the mating ability of male ducks,the higher the fertilization rate of breeding eggs. |
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