Screening And Application Of Probiotics Additive Formulation For Reed Silage

Based on the current situation of feed shortage in ruminant breeding industry in China,the current situation of utilization of reed and the feasibility of using reed as silage,the selection of silage additives and the optimization of silage conditions were studied in order to preserve reed and improve the utilization rate of reed cellulose.The patent probiotics Bacillus paralicheniformis SN-6 and Bacillus Pumilus D1,which were screened from the rumen of buffaloes with cellulose degradation ability,were combined with other strains conducive to feed silage.In addition to preserving nutrients in reeds with lactic acid bacteria,cellulase-producing probiotics can reduce cellulose content in reeds,so as to achieve the purpose of reeds preservation and partially degrading cellulose in vitro.This study mainly studied the determination of reed harvesting period,the selection of compound additive formula,and the storage time test of silage reed.The test results and conclusions are as follows:1.Determination of suitable harvesting period of reed: The nutrient substances of reed in different stages of growth period were detected,and the results showed that June and July each year was the appropriate time to harvest reed for silage fermentation.2.Selection of compound additive formula: according to the name of silage additive,silage experimental groups were divided into XS55,XS64,XSD,BZSD group and direct silage Ctrl group.After 21 days of silage,reed gave out unique sour fragrance,was moist in texture and not sticky to hands,and was yellow-green in color.According to German Agricultural Association(DLG)scoring method,sensory evaluation of silage in Ctrl group was level 2(fair),and sensory evaluation of silage in XS55,XS64,XSD and BZSD groups was level 1(excellent).The pH value of each silage group was in the range of excellent silage,that is,the pH value was between 3.8 and 4.2.No spoilage occurred in each group,and the nutrients were well preserved.The crude protein(CP)content in each group was 12.0-14.0%/DM.The increase of Ash content after silage was less than 2%/DM,indicating that the loss of organic matter containing carbon was small and the nutritional value was well preserved.Compared with Ctrl group,the total acid(TA)content in all additive groups was significantly increased,the highest TA content in XS64 group was 5.84%/DM,followed by XSD>XS55>BZSD,and the TA content in Ctrl group was only 0.94%/DM.In addition,the content of Lactic acid(LA)in XS64 group was the highest(3.22%/DM),followed by XSD>XS55>BZSD,and LA content in Ctrl group was only 0.94%/DM.Butyric acid(BA)and ammoniacal nitrogen(AN)are metabolite of butyric acid bacteria,clostridium and other spoilage bacteria.However,the additives used in this study can significantly reduce the content of BA and AN in reed silage,and the content of BA in Ctrl group is the highest,which is 0.14%/DM.The order of BA content in the additive group is XS64>XSD>BZSD>XS55.0.024%,0.005%,0.004%,0.002%;The ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen(AN/TN)in Ctrl group was 13.66%,indicating that there were some rotten nitrogen-containing organic compounds in CP content in the group.The contents of AN/TN in other groups were BZSD>XSD>XS55>XS64,which were 8.63%,7.15%,6.80%and 5.17%,respectively.The neutral detergent fiber(NDF)content in additive groups was significantly decreased compared with Ctrl group(P <0.05).Compared with Ctrl group,NDF content in XS64 group was significantly decreased by 4.74%(P <0.01).The NDF content in XS55 group,XSD group and BZSD group was significantly decreased by 2.93%,2.83% and 1.79%(P <0.05),respectively.According to Fleig scoring method,the fermentation quality of silage reed in each group was scored,and the score of XS64 group was the highest(86 points),which was evaluated as excellent.The score of XS55 group was 85,and the evaluation was excellent.XSD and BZSD scores were 72 and 66,and the evaluation was good.Ctrl group silage scored 7 points and was rated as inferior.In addition,zearalenone(ZEN),vomiting toxin(DON)and aflatoxin B1(AFB1)were determined in all silage groups,and the toxins in all silage groups did not exceed the standard.3.The shelf life of silage additives reed study: from fresh reed after harvest silage,silage 6 months to check that every 2 months to sampling and testing of silage reed,the results show that direct silage quality and reeds using BZSD additives can only 4 months,and guarantee the quality and use XS64 additive reeds can be at least 6 months.In conclusion,the SN-6 strain with cellulose degradation ability was combined with lactobacillus strain in this study,and the additive formulation XS64 suitable for reed silage was screened out.The addition of XS64 can effectively reduce pH value and cellulose content in phragmites communis,and achieve the purpose of long-term preservation of phragmites communis nutrients and improvement of cellulose utilization rate.Therefore,XS64 additive has great application potential in silage of high cellulose feed such as reed.