| Pinus koraiensis is the dominant tree species in natural forests in northeast China.However,in recent years,with increased area of Pinus koraiensis plantations,climate change and intensified interference from activities such as picking cones,the original ecological balance has been upset,leading to frequent plant diseases and insect pests,especially the cones and shoot pests.These have caused huge losses.The most harmful pest would be Dioryctria abietella.In order to study the interference effect of exogenous turpentine and rosin on the host location of D.abietella.The steps to taken are: four kinds of turpentine from different pine sources and four kinds of rosin were sprayed among the forests of Pinus koraiensis artificial pure forest,which was seriously harmed by D.abietella,discuss the effect of provenances,turpentine concentration and rosin solution on the repelling and attracting behaviors of D.abietella,work out the type and concentration of rosin or turpentine with better repelling or attracting effect,lay a theoretical foundation for the development and utilization of turpentine and rosin as botanical pesticides.The main research results are as follows:(1)Main components of rosin and turpentine from different pine sourcesAfter GC-MS analysis of the purchased rosin and turpentine solutions of four different pine sources,it was found that the compositions of the four turpentines tested were relatively similar,and the components of the four rosins were quite different.The content of α-pinene and β-pinene in masson turpentine oil was the largest,containing 83.19% α-pinene and 10.11% β-pinene,respectively.The three components with the largest proportion in rosin are α-pinene,β-pinene and trimethylfluorosilane,and the main components of the four rosins are different.Among them,the content of α-pinene and β-pinene in Masson pine rosin was the most,which were 55.15% and 27.44%,respectively.(2)Differences in cone volatiles after spraying with different solutionsAfter spraying twice(June 21,2021,June 29,2021)different concentrations of turpentine and rosin solutions,samples of Pinus koraiensis cones were sampled one week later(July 5,2021).After the detection of the volatiles of the Pinus koraiensis cones,the main components and their relative contents of the collected Pinus koraiensis cones volatiles were analyzed by GC-MS and other techniques.More than 100 kinds of compounds,mainly olefinic compounds,were found.Compared with the control group,the 19 compounds identified were different in the composition,content and proportion of the compounds.It can be seen that the volatile components of the cones themselves were changed after spraying the solution.(3)Effects of different solutions on the growth of Pinus koraiensis conesBefore the summer solstice(July 28,2021),all the Pinus koraiensis cones that had been sprayed with the solution were collected,and their seeds and their seeds were analyzed.The results showed that 1% masson turpentine oil had effects on the seed weight and shriveling rate,respectively.largest,and its estimated marginal mean differs significantly from the other treatments.Rosin has different effects on fruit protection.0.2% Yunnan rosin(0.66)and 2%masson rosin have the greatest impact on the fruit damage rate,2% masson rosin has the greatest impact on single grain weight,and 0.1% luohan rosin has the greatest effect on shriveled rosin.rate has the greatest impact.(4)Olfactory electrophysiological responses of adult D.abietella(EAG technology)The EAG technique was used to determine whether the adults of D.abietella had different physiologically active responses to different turpentine and rosin solutions.The results and analysis showed that the female adults of D.abietella had a different response to the turpentine oil solution.With the increase of the concentration,the value of EAG showed an upward trend;for the Yunnan rosin solution,the value of EAG showed a downward trend with the increase of the concentration of the solution.The response of the male D.abietella to the solution of turpentine turpentine is that with the increase of the concentration,the value of EAG shows a downward trend;the response to the solution of turpentine turpentine from Yunnan is that the value of EAG shows an upward trend with the increase of the concentration;for the wetland The response of the rosin solution was that the value of EAG showed an upward trend with the increase of the concentration.Through the EAG detection of 9 different solutions of female and male adults of D.abietella,it can be found that the tentacles of D.abietella adults to 2%turpentine sphaeroides solution,0.2% luohan rosin solution and 1% yunnan rosin solution Potential responses were significantly different(P<0.05).(5)Olfactory behavioral responses of adult D.Abietella to solution volatileThe repelling and attracting effects of turpentine oil and rosin solution on D.abietella adults were determined by olfactory behavior test("Y" type olfactometer).According to the analysis of the behavior test results,it was found that the solutions with repelling effect on the fir-tip spot borer were: 0.2% masson pine turpentine solution,1% masson pine turpentine solution,2%masson pine rosin solution;The solutions are: 1% turpentine turpentine solution.Through the above experiments,it was concluded that spraying 2% masson pine rosin solution on Pinus koraiensis cones had the best repelling effect,followed by masson turpentine solution,and the lower the concentration,the better the repelling effect.It lays a theoretical foundation for the development and utilization of turpentine and rosin as botanical pesticides in the future. |
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