| Objective:This project aims to study the effects of different fiber source silage forage replacing alfalfa hay in southern Xinjiang on growth performance,slaughter performance,blood biochemical indexes,intestinal tissue structure and nutrient utilization of meat geese through feeding experiment,digestion and metabolism experiment and slaughter experiment.It provides data support and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of high quality herbage such as Sorghum-Sudan grass,silage maize and alfalfa in meat goose breeding.Methods:A total of 480 28-day-old healthy meat geese(half male and half female)with uniform body weight of(1288.32±50.63 g)were randomly divided into one control group and three treatment groups.Basal diet and forage were proportioned into control group(basal diet 70%+alfalfa dry meal 30%),group A(basal diet 76%+silage corn 24%),and control group(basal diet 76%+silage corn 24%).There were 6 replicates in group B(basal diet 80%+silage of Sorghum-Sudan grass 20%)and group C(basal diet 78%+7 Sorghum-Sudan grass:3 alfalfa mixed storage),with 20 rats in each replicate.The growth performance indexes of geese were measured every week during the trial period.At the end of the feeding experiment,slaughter test was conducted,and blood and intestinal tissue samples were collected.At the age of 9 weeks,9 meat geese with similar body weight(3058.83±308.5 g)were selected from each experimental group,and a total of 36 geese were selected for digestion and metabolism experiment for 7 days.The experiment lasted for 42 days,including 7 days of pre-feeding period and 35 days of experimental period.The test results are as follows:Results:1.Effects of three kinds of silage forage on growth performance and slaughter performance of meat geese.From 28 to 70 days of age,compared with the control group,the average final weight of groups A,B and C were decreased by 12.81%(P<0.05),12.56%(P<0.05)and 2.09%(P>0.05),respectively.Compared with the control group,the ADFI and ADG of groups A and B were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The ADFI and ADG of meat geese in group C were decreased by 2.78%(P<0.05)and 4.7%(P>0.05),respectively,and F/G was increased by 2.01%(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the body oblique length and keel length in group A were decreased by 3.83%(P<0.05)and 11.56%(P<0.05),respectively;In group B,oblique length and keel length were decreased by 4.73%(P<0.05)and 10.75%(P<0.05),respectively;There was no significant difference between group C and control group(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the organs of meat geese in the three experimental groups were not affected by different kinds of forage,and there was no significant difference in organ index among the three groups(P>0.05).At 70 days of age,compared with the control group,the dressing percentage,semi-eviscerated percentage,fully eviscerated percentage,breast muscle percentage and leg muscle percentage of geese in groups A and B were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the abdominal fat percentage was increased by 42.3%(P<0.05)and 35.9%(P<0.05),respectively.There was no significant difference in slaughtering performance indexes between group C and control group(P>0.05).2.Effects of three kinds of silage forage on intestinal development of meat geese.Compared with the control group,the length and weight of cecum in groups A,B and C were significantly increased at 42 and 56 days of age(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the length and weight of duodenum,jejunum and ileum among groups A,B and C(P>0.05).At 42 days of age,compared with the control group,the villus heights of duodenum and jejunum in groups A and B were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the villus heights of duodenum and jejunum in group C were decreased by 2.76%(P>0.05)and 0.67%(P>0.05),respectively.Compared with group C,duodenal villus height was decreased by 1.98%(P<0.05)and 1.71%(P<0.05),and jejunal villus height was decreased by 3.59%(P<0.05)and 3.86%(P<0.05)in groups A and B,respectively.At 56 days of age,compared with the control group,the villus height of duodenum and jejunum in groups A and B was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the villus height of duodenum and jejunum in group C was decreased by 1.67%(P>0.05)and 0.11%(P>0.05),respectively.Duodenal crypt depth was increased by 7.38%(P<0.05),9.08%(P<0.05)and 2.32%(P>0.05)in groups A,B and C,respectively.Compared with group C,duodenal villus height in groups A and B decreased by 5.62%(P<0.05)and 6.54%(P<0.05),jejunal villus height in groups B decreased by 2.26%(P<0.05)and 3.76%(P<0.05).Crypt depth of duodenum increased by 4.96%(P<0.05)and 6.61%(P<0.05).At 70 days of age,compared with the control group,the villus height of duodenum and jejunum in groups A and B was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and compared with group C,the villus height of duodenum in groups A and B was decreased by 7.67%(P<0.05)and 9.44%(P<0.05).3.Effects of three silages on blood Biochemical Indices and Nutrient utilization of meat geese.Compared with the control group,the serum HDL content in groups A and B was decreased by 39.78%and 32.95%(P<0.05),but the contents of TP,ALT,TG and LDL were not increased significantly(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indexes in group C(P>0.05).Compared with group C,HDL in groups A and B was decreased by 32.7%(P<0.05)and 25.08%(P<0.05),respectively.At 70 days of age,compared with the control group,NDF of meat geese in groups A and B was increased by 7.20%(P<0.05)and 10.13%(P<0.05),respectively.ME,CP utilization lower in group A 2.60%(P<0.05),8.87%(P<0.05),A reduction in group B 1.63%(P<0.05),7.27%(P<0.05);The utilization of ME and CP in group C was decreased by 0.44%(P<0.05)and 1.33%(P<0.05),respectively,and the utilization of NDF was increased by 9.77%(P<0.05).Compared with group C ME,CP utilization 2.16%lower in group A(P<0.05)and 7.64%(P<0.05),group B by 1.21%(P<0.05),6.02%(P<0.05).Conclusion:These results indicate that different silages have different effects on growth performance and slaughtering performance of meat geese with similar dietary nutrient levels and crude fiber levels.There was no significant difference in growth performance and slaughter performance between the alfalfa hay group and the alfalfa hay control group.Different silages have different effects on intestinal development and nutrient utilization of meat geese,and the mixed storage of alfalfa and Sorghum-Sudan has significant improvement in intestinal villus development and crude protein utilization of meat geese.The results of this experiment indicate that it is feasible to replace alfalfa hay as the main fiber source of meat geese diet in production practice. |
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