Study On The Space Mutation Effects Of Festuca Rubra Seeds

A new generation of manned spacecraft was used to carry Festuca rubra seeds,and the return capsule flew in orbit for 67 hours.The space-induced growth changes of SP1 generation at the seedling stage and agronomic characters at the maturity stage were carried out at the Tumote Right Banner Test Base in Inner Mongolia.At the same time,combined with the variation at the physiological and biochemical level of the SP2 generation seedling stage,the genetic stability analysis of the main characters of the primary mutants was carried out,aiming to provide a new method for the selection of new lines of Festuca rubra with high value for planting.Material.The results show:(1)The relative emergence rate of SP1 generation of Festuca rubra increased after space loading,but the emergence rate slowed down,and some seedlings died after emergence;the first true leaf showed a variant single plant that had obvious inhibitory or promoting effects;space The emergence rate of SP2 generation of Festuca rubra also increased after carrying,but there was no significant difference in the growth rate of seedlings.(2)Through cluster analysis,it was found that about 10.2% of the single plants of SP1 generation showed obvious variation in the main morphology and characters,including 3types: type I was the increase in plant height and crown width,accounting for 3.8%;TypeⅡ is the decrease of plant height and the decrease of crown width,accounting for 3.2%;Type Ⅲ is the increase of the number of spikelets and reproductive branches,and the increase of seed yield per plant,accounting for 3.2%.Among them,the photosynthetic rate of type I and type III was higher than that of the control and type II,and the water use efficiency of type III was significantly higher than the rest of the variation types.The high photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency increased the biomass of fescue.(3)The results of identification of drought(cold)resistance at the seedling stage showed that type III had the strongest drought resistance,followed by type II,while type II had the strongest cold resistance,followed by type III.The drought resistance and cold resistance of type I with larger amplitude and the control were poor.From the perspective of flat use,type II,that is,the variation of plant dwarfing and enhanced cold(drought)resistance,was selected as the breeding object.(4)The single plant material of SP1 and SP2 generations with excellent variation was further analyzed by SSR molecular marker,and it was found that there was variation at the DNA level after loading compared with before loading.