| Artemisia argyi is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae,and is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China.It is also a commonly used medicine for Tibetan and Mongolian.At present,the status of wild resources of A.argyi in Inner Mongolia is still unclear,and there are few reports on the systematic evaluation of A.argyi wild resources.There is excessive use of chemical fertilizers to increase yield in the process of large-scale planting of A.argyi,followed by reduction of effective medicinal components,quality cannot be guaranteed,resulting in soil function degradation and soil microecological disorders.In this study,five representative wild A.argyi germplasm resources from Inner Mongolia and two introduced germplasm resources from the developed A.argyi industry were studied.Correlation analysis(Per-son),main Component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis methods were used to comprehensively evaluate A.argyi germplasms.According to the analysis,the excellent A.argyi germplasm resources suitable for local cultivation were initially selected.The dark septate endophyte(DSE)isolated from the root of A.argyi was used in the laboratory.The endomycorrhizal(VA)fungal spores and growth-promoting bacteria(PGPR)isolated from the rhizosphere soil on the yield and quality of A.argyi affect the study.The main results are as follows:1.By investgating a large number of literatures,many evaluation indicators of A.argyi germplasm resources were analyzed,11 agronomic trait indicators and 4pharmacological indicators were confirmed to be used in this study after significant difference and principal component analysis.Eight evaluation indicators including leaf dry weight,leaf fresh weight,leaf length,fresh root weight,plant height,leaf width,effective components,and cashmere rate could be used to distinguish and evaluate the quality of different A.argyi germplasm resources.Wild A.argyi from Huolin Gol City is suitable for local cultivation,it is characterized by high yield,good growth and relatively high effective components.2.Cluster analysis showed that seven A.argyi germplasm resources can be divided into three categories at the level of euclidean distance of ten,the first category is the high-yield type with tall and thick stems,such as Huolin Gol City,Tongliao City Wild A.argyi;the second category is with dwarf small leaves,high cashmere yield,and more active ingredients,such as Hohhot City,Ulanqab City,Ordos City;the third category is with high extraction rate of total flavonoids,heavy leaves,and large roots,such as Hubei Qichun Qi Ai,Henan Nanyang Wan Ai.3.The effects of different microbial combinations on the yield and quality of A.argyi were analyzed,showed that X(PGPR),D(DSE),V(VA),DX(DSE+PGPR),VX(VA+PGPR),VD(VA+DSE),HH(DSE+PGPR+VA)promoted the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,and leaf fresh weight,improved cashmere rate and total flavonoid extraction rate,the content of active ingredients.The contents of total phosphorus,total potassium,organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,acid-base phosphatase,sucrase and urease in the rhizosphere soil of A.argyi were improved.Through comprehensive analysis,the treatment group HH(VA+DSE+PGPR)had the best effect on A.argyi,significantly promoted the growth of A.argyi,improved the quality of A.argyi and improved the soil micro ecological environment.The results of this study is conducive to the quality improvement and control of A.argyi.It can effectively promote the large-scale popularization and sustainable utilization of excellent A.argyi cultivation germplasm,and contribute to the popularization and application of pollution-free green cultivation technology of A.argyi. |
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