| The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mixed planting methods of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe pubescens on the content and composition of essential oil in various organs of C.lanceolata,and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the development and utilization of essential oil in C.lanceolata.In this study,5a,10a,and 15a C.lanceolata from Jindong Forest Farm in Hunan Province were selected as the research objects.Samples of C.lanceolata leaves,twigs trunks,and roots organs from the mixed forest of C.lanceolata and P.pubescens and the pure forest of C.lanceolata were collected,and the essential oil was extracted by steam distillation.GC-MS was used to detect and calculate the yield,quantity,and relative content of essential oil in each group using the peak area normalization method.In addition,the content of mineral elements in each group was detected by sulfuric acid perchloric acid method.By comparing and analyzing the essential oil and mineral elements of C.lanceolata the intrinsic relationship between the two was revealed,and based on this,the effect of C.lanceolata and P.pubescens mixture on the quality C.lanceolata essential oil was discussed.The results showed that:(1)The yield of essential oil from C.lanceolata ranges from 0.05%to 1.59%.The yield of essential oil from C.lanceolata varies with the cross-influence of mixing,ages and organs.The yield of essential oil of C.lanceolata at all forest ages was roosts(0.21～1.59%)>trunks(0.10～0.67%)>leaves(0.07～0.65%)>branches(0.05～0.18%).The effect of mixed C.lanceolata and P.pubescens on the essential oil of various organs of C.lanceolata is different.Compared to pure forests at the same ages,the mixed C.lanceolata and P.pubescens reduced the yield of essential oil from 5a branches,5a trunks,5a roots,10a trunks,10a roots,and 15a leaves,but increased the yield of essential oil from 15a trunks and a roots.(2)120 volatiles were obtained from each group of essential oil test results.It includes 63 terpenes,23 alcohols,9 naphthalenes,9 terpene esters,4 ketones,4 phenols,1 aldehyde and 7 others.The peak area of C.lanceolata essential oil detected by each group accounted for 21%～91%of the total peak area.(3)Terpenes and alcohols are the main volatile components of C.lanceolata essential oil,which is the main reason for special aroma of essential oil.Terpenoid compounds had the highest relative content(70.51%)in essential oil from leaves of 5a C.lanceolata-P.pubescens mixed group and alcohols had the highest relative content(48.88%)in stem oil of 10a pure forest.(4)Typical volatile components in essential oils are mainly cedrol,(+)β-selinene,α-selinene,β-eudesmol,manool,β-elemene and(-)-Caryophyllene oxide are the main ingredients.Cedar alcohol is relatively high in trunks and roots,and the relative content of essential oil in roots of 15a pure forest is 48.66%and it increases with the increase of forest age.Mixed planting of C.lanceolata-P.pubescens is not conducive to improving the relative content of cedrol alcohol.(5)The total content of mineral elements in various organs of C.lanceolata is as follows:leaves(17.48～23.25 g/kg)>twigs(11.40～13.24 g/kg)>roots(1.98～2.49 g/kg)>brunks(3.59～5.83 g/kg).Except for four groups of 5a,10a,15a leaves and 15a trunks,the total content of mineral elements in the same organs of the same forest ages of mixed C.lanceolata-P.pubescens is higher than that of pure forests.Elements P,K,Ca and Mg are also associated with cedrol,(+)β-selinene,αselinene.The essential oil and mineral elements of C.lanceolata are affected by the cross-effects of forest types,ages and organs.Therefore,through the selection of forest types,ages and organs of C.lanceolata,we can regulate the content of specific components,so as to cultivate and develop it directionally. |
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