Analysis Of Crop Water Demand And Planting Optimization In Typical Irrigation Areas Of Yeerqiang River In Xinjiang

Xinjiang,located in the northwest arid zone,is an important agricultural production base in China,and water resources are an important guarantee and necessary condition for local agricultural development.Yarkant Basin Oasis in South Xinjiang is the largest agricultural irrigation area in Xinjiang,and also an important production base of high quality grain and cotton in Xinjiang.Shache Irrigation District is located in the center of Yarkand Basin Irrigation District,and its grain cultivation area ranks the first in Xinjiang.How to study in depth the consumption of water resources in the process of crop growth,as well as the relationship with yield and influencing factors under the framework of the overall development of local agriculture,and optimize the crop planting structure on this basis,is an important issue and a realistic need to ensure the rational use of agricultural water resources and the sustainable development of agriculture in the irrigation area.Based on this,this paper analyzes the changes in water demand and its relationship with meteorological factors during the fertility of three major crops,wheat,corn and cotton,and three specialty crops,tomato,pepper and melon,in the Shacheng irrigation area based on the meteorological data of Shacheng County from 1990 to 2019,using the Penman-Monteith model and the throughput analysis method,and selects the water demand-yield model applicable to the northwest arid zone for By comparing the differences between simulated and actual yields and analyzing the meteorological conditions in high yield years,we investigated the important factors affecting crop yields.Further,a multi-objective integrated optimization model was established from three perspectives of agricultural ecological benefits,economic benefits and irrigation water consumption in the irrigation area,combining with the national 14th Five-Year Plan and local agricultural development policies,to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of crop cultivation and yield in the irrigation area by adjusting and optimizing the crop cultivation structure in the irrigation area.The specific findings of this thesis are:(1)The water demand of six representative crops in the Shache irrigation area all showed a gentle upward trend from 1990 to 2019 in general,with the highest water demand being cotton,followed by maize and the lowest being tomato.(2)The change of crop water demand in the irrigation area is influenced by a combination of meteorological factors,among which for three major crops,wheat,corn and cotton,the most influential factor on their water demand is wind speed;for three special crops,tomato,pepper and melon,the most influential factor is the number of sunshine hours.(3)The study on the yield of three major crops,wheat,corn and cotton,found that although the meteorological conditions varied in high yield years,temperature was the main factor that caused fluctuations in crop yield.(4)According to the multi-objective planning method proposed in this study,after adjusting and planning the crop planting area of the irrigation area in the base and planning years,not only water saving was achieved,but also ecological and economic benefits were significantly improved.The in-depth analysis and quantitative research on the relationship between crop water demand and yield in the northwest arid zone and its influencing factors in this study will help to understand the growth characteristics and water use relationship of crops in the oasis irrigation area,and also explore the possibility of optimizing the crop planting structure to promote the sustainable development of agricultural economy in the irrigation area through rational use of water resources,and provide useful reference for the optimization of the planting structure of oasis agriculture in this special geographical and climatic environment of the northwest arid zone.The study will provide useful reference for the optimization of agricultural planting structure in oasis under the special geographical and climatic environment of the northwest arid zone.