| To improve wheat soil salinization in Xinjiang and excessive fertilizer application problem,a steady increase in the protection of spring wheat growth and yield and without damage to farmland soil environment,reasonable and efficient use of saline-alkali land has the development potential of the appropriate amount of fertilizer and reduce spring wheat production in the positive response to agricultural sustainable development strategy.Based on the microbial method improved the thinking of saline-alkali land,screening of strain combination of colonization ability strong,mixed culture fermentation to produce saline-alkali land suitable for application of biological organic fertilizer,and applied to salinity-alkalinity stress spring wheat potted plant experiment,research of biological organic fertilizer types and partly replace salinity-alkalinity stress spring wheat growth and yield by chemical fertilizer and soil environmental effects.The main results are as follows:(1)Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus mucilaginosus,Bacillus licheniformis,Streptomyces cinnamofuscus,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Rhodopseudomonas palustris mixed culture has no obvious antagonism reaction,while Streptomyces microflavus and Trichoderma sp.had antagonistic reaction with the above six strains in mixed culture.They are all available on(2%Na Cl,p H=10)acid and alkali environment t,Among them,Bacillus licheniformis has the highest salt and alkali tolerance.According to the functional combination and ratio scheme,the optimal and stable compound microbial fertilizer cultivation scheme was selected as four ratios:Rhodopseudomonas palustris:Streptomyces cinnamofuscus:Bacillus mucilaginosus:Bacillus subtilis=1:2:2:2,1:3:2:1,3:3:2:2 and 2:3:3:3.(2)Leaf area index(LAI),SPAD,yield and available nutrients of spring wheat were significantly increased(P<0.05),and showed an upward trend with the increase of bio-organic fertilizer application.Compared with CK,different bio-organic fertilizer treatments increased soil organic matter content in 0-10cm and 10-20 cm layers,and decreased soil p H and soil conductivity.The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes in each fertilization treatment was significantly higher than that in CK,while the number of soil fungi was significantly lower than that in CK.The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes showed an upward trend with the increase of bioorganic fertilizer application amount,while the number of soil fungi showed a downward trend.(3)Compared with conventional fertilization CF,LAI and SPAD values of spring wheat were increased by reducing nitrogen fertilizer and applying bio-organic fertilizer,and theoretical yield of spring wheat was increased by 9.03%to 28.84%.The soil p H value and soil electrical conductivity of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layer were decreased but soil organic matter was increased.Under the same reduction of nitrogen fertilizer,2250 kg/hm~2 bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased soil nutrient content more than 1125 kg/hm~2bio-organic fertilizer treatment.When the amount of bio-organic fertilizer was the same,the soil nutrient content of each soil layer was higher under 15%nitrogen fertilizer reduction than 30%nitrogen fertilizer reduction.Compared with CK and CF,the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes showed an increasing trend,while the number of soil fungi showed a decreasing trend.In conclusion,applying bio-organic fertilizer D(Rhodopseudomonas palustris:Streptomyces cinnamofuscus:Bacillus mucilaginosus:Bacillus subtilis=1:2:2:2)2250 kg/hm~2 nitrogen fertilizer with 15%reduction is a good fertilization mode to realize rational utilization of fertilizer resources and improve soil environment,and promote the growth and development of spring wheat in saline-alkali land.The effect of reducing soil p H and electrical conductivity,increasing soil nutrient content and regulating soil culturable microorganism quantity structure is the best. |
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