Effect Of Different Grassing Patterns On Soil Physicochemical Properties In Pear Orchards

Orchard grass can improve soil fertility and comprehensively improve the comprehensive production capacity of orchards.As a new modern soil management model,orchard grass can make the fruit tree industry develop sustainably and obtain good economic benefits.However,due to the long-term influence of China’s intensive farming culture,low mechanization,social and economic factors,the lack of organic fertilizer sources has reduced soil quality.At the same time,clear tillage and weeding increase production costs,which is unfavorable to the development of orchard mechanization;the most important measure for Chinese fruit farmers to continuously increase their income is to save costs and increase efficiency.Therefore,in this study,the effects of natural grass and artificial grass on soil organic matter,nutrients and moisture in pear orchards were discussed by using the soil of natural grass in pear orchards for3 years and the soil of planting V.villosum for 3 years as test materials and clearing tillage and weeding as control.The main findings are as follows:1.The soil water content of the pear orchard was significantly different in different soil layers and treatments,and the water content of the tillage layer of the pear orchard natural grass and planted villous wild pea soil were higher than that of the clear-cut control,and the difference reached a highly significant level.With the increase of soil depth soil water content gradually decreased.2.The total effective nutrients in the pear orchard soil were significantly different in different soil layers and among treatments.In 0-20 cm,the soil total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content of pear orchard grass was higher than that of clear-cut control,and the soil total nitrogen content of pear orchard planted with villous wild peas reached a highly significant level,while the difference between pear orchard natural grass and planted with villous in soil total phosphorus and potassium content was not significant;in 20-40 cm soil layer,the soil total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content of pear orchard grass was higher than that of clearcut control,and the soil total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content of pear orchard planted with villous wild peas reached a highly significant level.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the total N,total P and total K contents of pear orchard soil were higher than those of the clear-cut control.The fast-acting nutrients in the pear orchard soil were significantly different in different soil layers and among treatments.In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the soil alkaline nitrogen and fastacting phosphorus content of pear orchard grass was higher than that of the clear-cut control,and the soil alkaline nitrogen and fast-acting potassium content of the pear orchard planted with villous wild pea reached a highly significant level;in the 20-40 cm soil layer,the soil alkaline nitrogen and fast-acting potassium content of the pear orchard planted with villous wild pea were significantly higher than that of the clear-cut control.There were significant differences in soil trace elements among treatments in different soil layers of pear orchard.In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the effective copper content in the orchard planted with villous wild pea was higher than that in the clear-cut area,and the difference reached a significant level;in the 20-40 cm soil layer,the effective soil manganese and effective iron content in the pear orchard natural grass was significantly higher than that in the clear-cut control.3.The soil organic matter content of the pear orchard was significantly different in different soil layers and treatments.The soil organic matter content of natural grass and villous wild pea in pear orchard was higher than that of the control in the 0-20 cm soil layer,77.31%and 60.43% higher than that of the clear-cut control.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the soil organic matter content of natural grass and villous wild peas in pear orchard was 26.12% and 25.58%higher than that of the clear-cut control.1.The soil water content of pear orchard was significantly different in different soil layers and treatments,and the water content of soil tillage layer of natural grass and planting vetch in pear orchard was higher than that of clean tillage control,and the difference reached extremely significant level.With the increase of soil depth,soil water content decreased gradually.4.Soil enzyme activities of pear orchard grasses differed significantly among soil layers and treatments.In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the sucrase and phosphatase activities of the soil planted with villous wild pea in the pear orchard were significantly higher than those of the clear-cut control,and the urease content of the natural grass-growing soil in the pear orchard was significantly higher than that of the clear-cut control;in the 20-40 cm soil layer,the enzyme activities of catalase and urease in the two grass-growing patterns in the pear orchard were not significantly different from those of the control.