Effects Of Straw Return To Field On Soil Enzyme Activity And Nutrient Uptake And Utilization Of Maize Under Different Drip Irrigation Methods

Due to the arid climate and barren soil in the western part of Jilin Province,straw return and irrigation measures are widely used as two important agronomic measures in maize planting.Returning straw to the field can not only increase the organic matter content of the soil and improve the soil structure,but also provide a variety of nutrients for plants and promote their growth and development.Drip irrigation measures promote the absorption and utilization of water and nutrients by maize while improving the soil water and fertilizer environment.However,the impact of straw return to the field under different drip irrigation methods will inevitably be different due to different decomposition and transformation environments.In this study,the effects of straw return on soil enzyme activity,microbial carbon,available nutrients,nutrient uptake accumulation and yield of maize plants under different drip irrigation methods were studied,in order to provide a theoretical scientific basis for soil fertility cultivation and high and stable yield of maize in arid areas.The main findings are as follows:(1)Effects of straw return to field on soil enzyme activity and microbial carbon under different drip irrigation methodsThe planting mode combining straw return and submembrane drip irrigation could significantly increase the content of microbial mass,carbon content and soil urease,phosphatase and catalase activities in soil under the condition of irrigation quota of 250 mm.Compared with the mode of straw returning to the field and submembrane drip irrigation,the carbon content of microbial mass,the urease activity increased by 34.78%,the phosphatase activity increased by34.38%,and the catalase activity increased by 17.83% compared with the model of straw leaving the field and shallow buried drip irrigation.(2)Effects of straw return on soil organic matter and available nutrients under different drip irrigation methodsCompared with straw removal,soil organic matter and available nutrients were improved compared with straw leaving the field,soil organic matter and available nutrients under membrane drip irrigation were improved,and the overall performance of soil organic matter and available nutrients in each treatment was JM>JQ>RM> RQ.Under the condition of irrigation quota of 250 mm,the mode treatment of straw returning to field and submembrane drip irrigation combined with the mode treatment of soil organic matter combined with straw leaving field and shallow buried drip irrigation increased by 27.81%,14.24%,11.89% and 39.29%,respectively.(3)Effects of straw return on nutrient accumulation of maize plants under different drip irrigation methodsCompared with the treatment of straw leaving the field and shallow burial drip irrigation,the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of plants in the mode of straw returning to field and submembrane drip irrigation increased by 36.48%,31.56% and 26.15%,respectively.Under different drip irrigation methods,straw return promoted the transport of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from nutrient organs to the grain,thereby increasing the nutrient content in the grain.Among them,the mode of straw return and submembrane drip irrigation has the best effect.(4)Effects of straw return on dry matter accumulation and yield of maize plants under different drip irrigation methodsThe application of straw increased the dry matter accumulation and yield of spring maize.The amount of dry matter accumulated in the combination mode of straw return and submembrane drip irrigation was higher than that of other treatments,which further improved the yield.Under the condition of irrigation quota of 250 mm,the dry matter accumulation of RM in combination with straw return and submembrane drip irrigation increased by 42.36%,the yield increased by 32.93%,and the dry matter accumulation increased by 42.25% and the yield increased by 32.27% compared with the straw off-field and shallow burial drip irrigation treatment with RQ treatment.Among them,the combination of straw and submembrane drip irrigation has the best effect.