The Effects Of Dietary Folic Acid Supplementation In Lactating Pregnant Female Rabbits On Weight Gain,cecum Microorganisms And Liver Glucose Lipid Metabolism In Offspring

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of folic acid supplemental level and litter size of maternal rabbit(Hyplus)on the performance of rabbits pups through the cecal microbe,liver metabolism and skeletal muscle.144 11-month-old female rabbits with similar body weight(5.5±0.5kg)in the third pregnancy were randomly divided into 4 groups and supplemented with folic acid 0 mg/kg(F0),15 mg/kg(F15),30mg/kg(F30),and 45 mg/kg(F45),respectively.The litter size of female rabbits in each group was 5(L5),7(L7)and 9(L9),respectively.The rabbit pups were sampled at 21 days of age(D21).1.Blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of female rabbits during lactating gestation and pregnancy and 21-day-old offspring rabbits was detected by ELISA method,and the litter weight of 4-day-old and 21-day-old offspring rabbits was recorded and the daily gain before weaning was calculated.The results showed that the blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of female rabbits fed folic acid supplemented diet of 15 mg/kg for 25 and 50 days was significantly higher than that in control group(P< 0.05).The blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of 21-day-old female rabbits supplemented with folic acid at 30 mg/kg and 45mg/kg was significantly higher than that of the control group(P< 0.05).The daily gain of pre-weaning rabbits of the female supplemented with folic acid 30 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in control group.The results indicated that dietary folic acid supplementation of 15 mg/kg can significantly increase the blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of female rabbits.In addition,folic acid supplementation of 30 mg/kg and 45mg/kg can significantly increase blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of pre-weaning rabbit with litter size of 9.The daily gain in the 30 mg/kg group can reach the maximum.2.16 S rRNA was used to detect the cecum contents of pre-weaning offspring rabbits to compare the effects of different folic acid supplemental levels in female rabbits’ diets on cecum microorganisms.It was found that the microbial abundance of 24 families or genera such as Holdemania in F15L7D21 group was significantly increased(P< 0.05).The microbial abundance of 8 families or genera including Listeriaceae in F30L7D21 group was significantly increased(P< 0.05).The microbial abundance of Xanthomonadales and other 7 families or genera in F45L7D21 group was significantly increased(P< 0.05).Comparing the effects of different litter size levels of female rabbits on cecum microorganisms of 21-day-old rabbits,it was found that the microbial abundance of 10 families or genera including Alistipes in F15L5D21 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The abundance of 6 families or genera such as Dorea in F15L7D21 group was significantly increased(P< 0.05).The microbial abundance of Stenotrophomonas and other5 families or genera in F15L9D21 group was significantly increased(P< 0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in β-diversity among different folic acid supplementation and litter size levels(P< 0.05).The results indicated that folic acid supplementation in female rabbit diet can affect cecal contents of young rabbits.3.This study conducted an untargeted metabonomic study with the liver tissue of21-day-old rabbits and found that dietary supplementation of folic acid in female rabbits significantly affected various anabolic pathways such as liver nucleic acid metabolism,methionine metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis(P< 0.05).The correlation analysis of differential microorganisms in cecum and differential metabolites in liver showed that the effect of folic acid on cecal microbial diversity was potentially associated with the change of liver metabolic activity(P< 0.05).The results indicated that folic acid supplementation in female rabbit diet can affect the liver metabolism of young rabbits.4.The eukaryotic transcriptomic study on skeletal muscle of 21-day-old rabbits showed that there were 2825 up-regulated genes and 818 down-regulated genes when folic acid was added 45 mg/kg in the diet of female rabbits(P< 0.05).Amino acid metabolism,cholesterol metabolism and fatty acid catabolism were significantly enriched signaling pathways.The results showed that folic acid supplementation in female rabbit diet can affect the skeletal muscle genes expression of young rabbits.In conclusion,dietary supplementation of folic acid can increase the blood tetrahydrofolic acid content of mother and young rabbits.When the litter size was 9,folic acid supplementation with 30 mg/kg could increase the daily gain before weaning.Dietary supplementation of folic acid can affect intestinal microbial diversity,liver metabolism and skeletal muscle gene expression of young rabbits.