| Tree rose is cultivated from rootstock with independent trunk and variety Chinese rose by grafting and other gardening means.Tree rose widely known for its beautiful and flexible shape and plenty of applications,but only a few reports available on its flowering and factors affecting its flowering.Therefore,in this experiment,the thornless rose with good standing and strong resistance was used as rootstock,and the miniature rose‘Aromatic King Balcony’ with good branching,bright colors and aroma was used as scion for grafting.Various rootstocks with different heights,thicknesses and node positions were prepared and scions were grafted by differing grafting methods,grafting scions of different nodes and states,under varying fertilizers and hormones accompanying different ambient temperatures and lights to explore the effects of plant materials,methods,exogenous substances,and environment on the flowering of rose high-stalk grafted seedlings.The optimal influencing factors were selected to provide theoretical basis for the production of grafted rose seedlings with high-stem.Test results are as follows:1.The survival rate and root growth of rootstocks with different heights,thicknesses and nodes were significantly different after grafting.Rootstocks from the middle nodes of branches had the highest cottage survival rate and best comprehensive root growth with the stem height of 40 cm,and thickness of 0.8-1.0 cm.2.Grafting with branches appeared to be better than bud grafting,and stem bud retaining treatment was better than bud eliminating.Thus,the grafting survival and sprouting rate of branched grafting combined with stem bud retaining were the highest,and the branch length and flowering condition were also the best among the four combinations.3.In terms of the state of the branches for the scion picking,the post-flowering branches were the best for cuttings growth and blooming.The survival rate of the pre-flowering branches were higher than that of the blind branches.The time from grafting to flowering of blind branches was shorter than that of pre-flowering branches.For the node position of the scion,the second and third nodes were better than the first node for growth and flowering,and the grafting survival rate of scions from the second node was higher.4.For the irrigation of grafted seedlings with different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,’Hua Duoduo’ No.1(balanced),’Hua Duoduo’ No.10(high nitrogen),’Hua Duoduo’ No.12(High potassium),and ’Hua Duoduo’ No.15(high phosphorus)were used.By comparing seedlings’ growth,flowering,photosynthesis and other aspects,were compared,and the balanced fertilizer ’ Huaduoduo’ No.1 was having best effect.5.Following up with grafted seedlings sprayed with gibberellin,jasmonic acid and abscisic acid,it was found that gibberellin had the most significant effect on branch elongation and flowering.6.Different temperature and light conditions also had apparent effects on the growth of grafted seedlings.It was found that the survival rate and growth of grafted seedlings were the best under 22.5℃,and too high or too low temperature was unfavorable for cutting survival and growth.The survival rate of grafted seedlings was highest under full shading treatment,but their growth was the best under full illumination.Therefore,it is presumed that the grafted seedlings can be placed in a dark environment at the initial stage of grafting,and then could be moved to full-light conditions of about 22.5 ℃ for cultivation. |
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