Research On Corn Leakage Sowing Compensation Technology Based On Mechanical Monitoring

Maize is one of the three major grain crops in China.It has the characteristics of high yield and rich nutrition,and plays an important role in ensuring food security in China.Corn precision seeding technology is an important way to improve the quality of corn seeding.Aiming at the problem of poor seeding quality of drum seeding monomer commonly used in hilly areas and small plots,this paper takes drum seeding monomer as the carrier,and studies a mechanical leakage detection and supplementary inoculation device.The leakage seeding auxiliary compensation method is used to reduce the leakage seeding index and improve the performance of the machine.Through the leap-forward detection rod,the supplementary inoculation device is unlocked when it is found to be missing.After the supplementary inoculation is completed,the supplementary inoculation device is locked,and the experimental research and verification are carried out.The main research contents are as follows :(1)Study on physical properties of maize grain.The appearance size,thousand-grain weight,density,static friction coefficient between grain and organic glass and plastic,and grain stacking angle of Zhengdan 958,Zhongdan 909 and Xianyu 335 were measured to provide basic parameters for subsequent experiments and simulations.(2)The structure design of mechanical leak seeding detection supplementary inoculation device.According to the structural characteristics and working principle of the mechanical leakage detection device and the supplementary inoculation device,the three processes of seeding,detection and supplementary inoculation are analyzed.The filling performance of the socket wheel seed metering device was analyzed to determine its diameter,socket size and socket number.The working process of the miss-seeding detection device was analyzed,and the structure parameters of the double-pressure head probe rod structure and the miss-seeding detection device of the fast locking and unlocking supplementary inoculation device were determined to improve the detection accuracy.The influence of the angle on the miss-seeding detection and supplementary inoculation process was analyzed.The supplementary inoculation process was analyzed to determine the structural parameters of the supplementary inoculation device,and the corresponding relationship between the angle to be inoculated and the angle to be supplemented for simultaneous supplementary inoculation was proved.The influence of the maximum force of the supplementary inoculation spring on the supplementary inoculation process was analyzed.(3)Kinematics research and seeding performance simulation analysis of the eyelet metering device.In order to analyze the influence of working speed on the seeding performance of the two-hole eye-wheel seed metering device,based on the analysis of the relationship between the rotation speed of the main seeding / supplementary inoculation eye-wheel and the working speed,the EDEM discrete element simulation software was used to carry out the simulation test.The influence of the working speed on the seeding performance of the main seeding eye-wheel and the supplementary inoculation eye-wheel was determined.When the working speed is 0.4m / s ～ 1.4m / s,the two eye-wheels have better working effect.(4)Experimental study on mechanical missed detection supplementary inoculation device.In order to further optimize the working performance of the device,the single factor test and the three-factor and three-level quadratic rotation orthogonal test were carried out by using the JPS-12 type seed metering device performance test bench.The effects of operating speed,seeding angle and the maximum force of the supplementary inoculation spring on the missed seeding index and qualified index were analyzed.The optimal parameter combination of the performance of the seed metering device was determined as the operating speed of 0.87 m / s,the seeding angle of 45 o and the maximum force of the supplementary inoculation spring of 12 N.At this time,the qualified index was 94.8 %,and the leakage index was 3.4 %,which met the technical requirements of precision seeding.Compared with the traditional drum sowing monomer,the leakage sowing index was reduced by 3.9 %,and the qualified index was increased by 4.8 %,which effectively improved the operation quality.