| Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum are brand medicinal materials,and the obstacle of continuous cropping is very serious.In this experiment,Mianlong and Weibai mu were used for soil disinfection,microbial fertilizer for soil improvement,seed soaking and drying time for seedling disinfection,isolation zone and deep drainage ditch for isolation,and amino acid oligosaccharides for superior care management.The key technologies of obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum were studied from these five aspects.Phytotoxicity occurred in the experiment was analyzed and the degradation was studied.On the basis of integrating the research of similar technologies at home and abroad and summarizing practical experience,the technical integration idea of self-cleaning-isolation-repair-seedling disinfection-optimal care was put forward.The key technical nodes of continuous cropping obstacle reduction of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum were analyzed one by one,and two key technologies of continuous cropping obstacle reduction of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum were integrated.The main results are as follows:1.The results of the study on the key techniques of obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of Lilium brownii showed that:(1)The disease rate of Lilium brownii in the treatment group of Mianlong,Weibai mu and Mianlong combined with Weibaimu was6.67%,6.50%and 7.04%respectively,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(16.67%).The pest rate was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the herbicidal effect was reduced from grade V to grade I.The emergence rates of lilies in the treatment groups of Mianlong,Weibaimu and Mianlong combined with Weibaimu were significantly lower than those in the control group.(2)The application of microbial fertilizer increased the plant height,stem diameter and leaf width of Lilium brownii,and promoted the growth of Lilium brownii.(3)The Lilium brownii seedlings should be soaked for 15 minutes for 30 min and drained for 3 hours.(4)The disease rates of Lilium brownii in isolation zone,isolation ditch,isolation zone combined with isolation ditch treatment groups were 7.46%,6.94%and 5.50%,respectively.The disease rate in isolation zone combined with isolation ditch treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(8.09%).Multiple isolation is more effective in disease control.(5)The application of amino-oligosaccharins has a certain promoting effect on the growth of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum,has a certain control effect on diseases,and then affects its yield,but has no obvious effect on pest control.Among them,the effect of spraying 3 times aminooligosaccharins in the peak growth period of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum is relatively better.(6)The combined treatment of microbial fertilizer+seedling disinfection,microbial fertilizer+amino-oligosaccharide,amino-oligosaccharide+seedling disinfection could increase plant height,stem diameter,promote plant growth,and reduce the disease rate of Lilium brownii.2.The results of the study on the key techniques of continuous cropping obstacle reduction of Polygonatum odoratum showed that:(1)The treatments of Mianlong,Weibai mu and Mianlong combined with Weibaimu significantly reduced the disease rate and pest rate of Polygonatum odoratum,and the weeding effect was reduced from V grade to I grade.Mianlong and Weibai mu were effective in the control of Polygonatum odoratum diseases and insect pests,but the seed stem appeared the phenomenon of water-stained rot and necrosis.(2)The application of microbial fertilizer could promote the growth of Polygonatum odoratum,alleviate the occurrence of disease to a certain extent,and then increase its yield,and there was no significant difference in the effect of 300 kg/667m~2,400kg/667m~2and 500 kg/667m~2on alleviating the obstacle of continuous cropping of Polygonatum odoratum.(3)Polygonatum odoratum seedlings should be soaked for 15 min and drained for 3 h.(4)Isolation treatment has a certain effect on disease control,in which the multiple isolation mode of isolation zone combined with isolation ditch is better,and(5)Amino-oligosaccharins have better effect on disease control and growth promotion of Polygonatum odoratum.Among them,the effect of spraying 3 times in the peak growth period is relatively better.(6)The combined treatment of microbial fertilizer+seedling disinfection was effective in controlling the disease of Polygonatum odoratum.The combined treatment of microbial fertilizer+amino-oligosaccharide increased the plant height and leaf width,promoted the plant growth,and increased the actual yield.3.In view of the phytotoxicity phenomenon in the experiment,the effect model of soil disinfectant on Lilium brownii bulb and indicator crop turnip sprouts was established,and the cause of phytotoxicity was analyzed.The results showed that after 5 days and 15 days,the injury index of indicator crop turnip sprouts decreased from 83.67 to 0.00,and the damage index of other groups also decreased with the extension of drying time.The results showed that the drug damage in the obstacle reduction test of continuous cropping of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum was caused by incomplete volatilization and degradation during soil disinfection.4.The study on phytotoxicity degradation showed that:(1)Lime(60.00 kg/667m2)could obviously alleviate the phytotoxicity caused by soil disinfection,and(2)After soil disinfection and drying for 5 days,Lilium brownii had obvious drug damage,and the rate of seedling rot was higher,and the degree of drug damage in high concentration was higher than that in low concentration,and there was no drug damage in all groups except that there was slight drug damage in high concentration group after 15 days.Therefore,when using Weibai mu and Mianlong for soil disinfection,it should be used cautiously,the recommend ed dosage is 30 L/667m~2and 30 kg/667m~2respectively,and it is recommended to open for more than 15 days.5.Integration of key technologies for obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum:on the basis of integrating similar technical research and summing up practical experience at home and abroad,the technical integration idea of the combination of self-cleaning,isolation,repair,seedling disinfection and superior care measures was put forward.The key technical nodes of continuous cropping obstacle reduction of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum were analyzed one by one,and two key technologies of continuous cropping obstacle reduction of Lilium brownii and Polygonatum odoratum were integrated.The purpose of this study is to provide core technical support for the compilation of two local standards,Technical regulations for obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of Lilium brownii and Technical regulations for obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of Polygonatum odoratum,and to provide guidance for the application of obstacle reduction in continuous cropping of other crops. |
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