Design Optimization And Research Of Lotus Root Mining And Sorting Device

Lotus root is a kind of food with rich nutrition and high medicinal value.Its planting area has increased on a large scale,but the rapid transfer of rural surplus labor force has led to fewer and fewer farmers.The economic losses caused by farmers rotting in lotus root fields due to their failure to harvest in time have been deeply troubled.At present,the integrated lotus root mining machine still has some problems,such as low degree of automation,high labor intensity and uneven collection quality.In view of the above problems,this paper optimizes the design of the high pressure sprinkler,a key component of the mining device in the lotus root harvesting integrated machine,and designs and manufactures the lotus root automatic sorting device.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The soil physical characteristics of lotus root growing environment were analyzed by field investigation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions,which provided parameters basis for discrete element hydrodynamics analysis.The analysis of the growth distribution of lotus root provides a basis for the optimization of jet system and the design of parameters of automatic collection device.(2)The composition and working principle of the jet system of mining equipment are introduced.Based on the basic principle of fluid mechanics,the selection of water pump and the total energy loss of pipeline are calculated,and the actual head of the water pump is obtained.The flow field in the pipe cross pipe,the shape of the nozzle and the inner diameter were compared and analyzed by Fluent software.It is concluded that the energy loss of the nozzle with a circular hole and chamfered nozzle is the minimum.The smaller the inner diameter of a single nozzle is,the deeper the digging depth is.By using EDEM-Fluent discrete element coupling simulation,soil particles in the actual environment of lotus root field are modeled,and the influence of inner diameter difference of high-pressure sprinkler heads on jet stability is analyzed.It is concluded that adjusting inner diameter difference between high-pressure sprinkler heads can effectively make the jet more stable,improve the harvest efficiency of lotus root and solve the problem of uneven quality.(3)The structure design of automatic sorting device is designed.Based on YOLOv5 algorithm,the associated code of stepper motor,driver,microcontroller and computer YOLO algorithm is written.The data set of the growth environment of lotus root was made on the spot,and the recognition training was carried out,so that the recognition rate reached 98% and the recognition accuracy reached 90%.(4)According to the three-dimensional drawings,the automatic sorting device was actually manufactured,and the maximum speed and sorting accuracy of lotus root quality were tested in the laboratory environment.