| To further increase rice production and quality and to find the management mode of water,nitrogen and wood vinegar suitable for different rice varieties.Water-saving and drought-resistant rice Hanyou 73 and conventional hybrid rice C liangyouhuazhan were used as experimental materials.Nitrogen fertilizer application and wood vinegar solution spraying experiments were carried out under different water conditions.(1)In order to explore the appropriate water and nitrogen management mode for different rice varieties,the water and nitrogen experiment was carried out first,and three water treatments were set:flooding irrigation 100%(W1),mild dry and wet alternating 80%(W2),and moderate dry and wet alternating 60%(W3).Three nitrogen treatments were 5.3g/pot(N1),8.0g/pot(N2)and 10.7g/pot(N3),equivalent to field nitrogen application amount of 140 kg/hm~2,210 kg/hm~2,280 kg/hm~2.(2)The optimal nitrogen application rate of the two rice varieties was found according to the water and nitrogen test.Based on the nitrogen application rate(N3),the water and wood vinegar tests were carried out,which were the same as those of the three water treatments(W1,W2,W3).Three treatments were treated with blank control(CK),spraying 400 times diluted wood vinegar solution at tillering stage(M1)and spraying400 times diluted wood vinegar solution twice at tillering stage and booting stage(M2).Agronomic traits,physiological indexes,yield,quality and water use efficiency of rice were studied.The results were as follows:1.In the experiment of water and nitrogen fertilizer,increasing irrigation water and nitrogen application amount could effectively promote the growth and development of rice,and improved the yield and quality.Under the condition of sufficient moisture in W1 and W2,the absorption of nitrogen fertilizer in rice could be promoted,and the increase of nitrogen application rate could promote the growth of rice and improved the yield and quality.However,the increase of nitrogen application rate under the condition of W3 would adversely affect the growth process of rice.Under the combined influence of water and nitrogen fertilizer,grain number per panicle increased by 3.50%～20.52%,seed setting rate increased by0.28%～10.27%,1000-grain weight increased by 0.28%～4.12%,and yield increased by 0.98%～16.16%.The rice brown rice percentage,white rice percentage and length-width ratio were less affected by water and nitrogen fertilizer,the amylose content decreased by 4.72%～37.22%,and the protein content increased by 0.12%-2.28%.In the condition of W2N3 and W1N3,Hanyou 73 and C Liangyouhuazhan had the best coordination among the growth indexes,and the yield and quality were also the best.2.In the experiment of water and wood vinegar,increasing irrigation water and spraying wood vinegar could effectively promote the growth and development of rice,improved the yield and quality.Rice yield and quality were significantly affected by water and wood vinegar solution.Under the combined influence of water and wood vinegar solution,effective panicle number increased by 3.54%～25.61%,panicle number increased by 2.19%～31.44%,seed setting rate increased by 4.11%～17.05%,1000-grain weight increased by 0.12%～2.29%.Rice yield increased by1.73%～41.33%.The effects of water and wood vinegar on the rice brown rice and milled rice percentage were small.The amylose content decreased by 0.14%～7.76%,and the chalky grain percentage decreased by 0.05%-41.13%.According to the factors of water and wood vinegar against Hanyou 73 and C Liangyouhuazhan rice quality,the rice growth condition of both rice varieties was better,the rice yield was the highest and the rice quality was better under the condition of W1M2.In conclusion,according to the growth and development characteristics of different varieties of rice,reasonable regulation of irrigation amount,nitrogen application and spraying wood vinegar can better promote the growth and development of rice,enhance the ability to resist adverse external environment,and improve the yield and quality of rice. |
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