| Water-saving and drought-resistant rice refers to a new type of cultivated rice with both high-yield and high-quality characteristics of rice,as well as water-saving and drought-resistant characteristics of upland rice,which is based on the progress of rice science and technology and further integrates the excellent characteristics of modern excellent rice and upland rice varieties.The large-scale promotion and production of the water-saving and drought resistant rice is of great importance in transforming the rice planting mode,decreasing water quantity and raising water use efficiency.Multiple studies have shown that plastic film mulching has functions of warming,moisturizing and weeding,and thus it could be used as a supporting cultivation technique for water-saving and drought resistance rice.This study uses high-yield rice of Hyou518(HY518)as the control variety,Three planting methods were set up and analyzes the effects of different planting methods on the yield and quality of water-saving and drought resistant rice variety Hanyou73(HY73),which provides a theoretical basis for the promotion and application of biodegradable film mulching of water-saving and drought resistant rice under non-flooded direct sowing conditions.The main experimental results of this study are as follows:(1)Compared with traditional flooding cultivation(TF)treatment,the yields of both varieties showed a decreasing trend under non-flooded cultivation.Panicle number and the number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight of the two varieties under non-flooded biodegradable film mulching cultivation(BM)treatment were significantly higher than those under non-flooded unmulching cultivation(UM)treatment,which showed a significant increase in yield.(2)Compared with TF treatment,under UM treatment,the processing quality and appearance quality of the two varieties of rice deteriorated,and the activities of Sucrose synthetase(Su Sase),Adenosine glucose diphosphate pyrophosphorylase(AGPase)and Starch synthetase(St Sase)in the grains of the two varieties significantly decreased at the early filling stage,and significantly increased at the late filling stage.The activity of Starch branching enzyme(SBE)significantly decreased throughout the entire growth period.The gel consistency and taste value of rice of the two varieties under BM treatment were improved compared to those under UM treatment.There was no significant difference in the activities of Su Sase,St Sase,SBE,and AGPase in the grains of the two varieties under BM treatment compared to those under TF treatment.(3)Compared with TF treatment,the agronomic traits of two varieties under UM treatment reduced in quantity,in which the quantity of the traits of HY518 showed a greater decrease than that of HY73.Compared the data under BM treatment with those under TF treatment,there was no significant change for HY73 in Leaf Area Index(LAI),quantity of above-ground dry matter,the quantity of exudation,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and peroxidase(POD)activity in leaves,and photosynthetic rate of flag leaves.To sum up,under BM treatment,the LAI,the quantity of above-ground dry matter,the quantity of exudation,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and peroxidase(POD)activity in leaves,as well as the photosynthetic rate of flag leaves after heading of HY73 significantly increased compared to those under UM treatment during the four main growth stages.The suitable activities of Su Sase,St Sase,AGPase,and SBE in grains support the formation of yield and quality during the filling and ripening stage. |
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