| Objective:We aimed to investigate the level of microelement and its relative factors,and the association of maternal serum microelement levels with birth outcomes.Methods:This study was based on the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort,and information on basic demographic characteristics,lifestyle and living environment of pregnant women was obtained by face-to-face questionnaire,and information on maternal disease history and pregnancy outcome was obtained by searching the hospital medical record system.Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected from pregnant women during the first prenatal examination,and serum microelement concentrations in early pregnancy were measured by ICP-MS.The microelement tested included cobalt(Co),selenium(Se),molybdenum(Mo),zinc(Zn),chromium(Cr),vanadium(V),manganese(Mn)and nickel(Ni).The Spearman correlation was used among to analyze the correlation between microelement concentrations,and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the differences in serum microelement concentrations pregnant women with different demographic characteristics,a multivariate linear regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of maternal microelement levels.8 microelement and confounding factors were included in the LASSO regression model,and the microelement with greater effect on birth weight,birth length,and risk of SGA were selected.Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between single microelement,multiple microelements,and microelement interactions and birth outcomes.Results:1.A total of 678 pregnant women were included in this study.The detection rates of Mo,Cr and Ni were 99.90%,63.00% and 99.70%,respectively.The detection rates of other microelements were 100.00%.The median concentrations of Co,Zn,Se,Mo,V,Cr,Mn and Ni were 0.14μg/L,744.13μg/L,65.15μg/L,0.86μg/L,2.61μg/L,0.46μg/L,1.04μg/L and 0.68μg/L,respectively.There was a positive correlation between Co and Ni.There was a weak negative correlation between V and Cr,Se,Zn.2.The serum concentrations of Se,Cr,Ni and V in pregnant women were influenced by whether they took folic acid during pregnancy.The serum concentrations of Se,Cr and Ni in pregnant women who took folic acid during pregnancy were lower than those who did not take folic acid during pregnancy,the serum V concentration of pregnant women taking folic acid during pregnancy was higher than that of pregnant women not taking folic acid during pregnancy.The serum Mn concentration of non-passive smoking pregnant women was higher than that of passive smoking pregnant women,and the serum Mn concentration of multipara was higher than that of primipara.3.Serum Co concentration was positively correlated with birth weight[Adjusted β:Q1 = 0;Q2 = 118.96(95% CI:48.53,189.36);Q3 = 107.19(95%CI:31.60,182.78)],birth length [Adjusted β:Q1 = 0;Q2 = 0.49(95% CI:0.23,0.75);Q3 = 0.36(95% CI:0.09,10.63)],and negatively correlated with SGA risk [Adjusted OR:Q1 = 1;Q2 = 0.488(95% CI: 0.22,0.90);Q3 = 0.415(95% CI:0.20,0.87)].There was a positive correlation between serum high Se concentration and birth weight [Adjustedβ: Q1 = 0;Q2 = 15.650(95% CI:-52.08,83.38);Q3 = 100.686(95% CI:26.41,174.96)].Serum high V concentration was negatively correlated with birth length [Adjusted β:Q1 = 0;Q2 =-0.164(95% CI:-0.44,0.12);Q3 =-0.322(95% CI:-0.60,-0.05)] and positively correlated with SGA risk [Adjusted OR:Q1 = 1;Q2 = 1.416(95%CI:0.58,3.44);Q3 = 3.146(95% CI:1.40,7.07)].4.The results showed that the interaction of High Co and High Se was the protective factor of birth weight[Adjusted β:Low Co + Low Se = 0;High Co +High Se = 133.17(59.02,207.31)].Conclusion: The concentrations of Co,Zn,Se,Mo,V,Cr,Mn,and Ni in serum of pregnant women were determined.We founded that serum microelement levels were associated with folic acid use during pregnancy,passive smoking,and parity.We showed significant associations between Co,Se deficiency and V excess and adverse birth outcomes including SGA and decreased birth weight and birth length. |
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