Research On The Ancient And Modern Literature Of Preventive Acupuncture

Objective Through searching and sorting out ancient medical books and modern literatures of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion,the author systematically analyzed acupoints,prescriptions,specific points,meridians,body distribution and operation methods,summarized the differences in the application of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion in ancient and modern literatures and the dominant diseases of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion,in order to provide guidance and prescription for modern clinical application.Methods24 books of The Chinese Medical Code were used to search for the words corresponding to the top ten symptoms in the questionnaire.Modern literatures were screened from the databases of THE National Knowledge Network,VIP and Wanfang during January 1991 to December 2020.Clinical literatures with keywords of "preventive acupuncture","preventive moxibustion","prevention before disease","prevention after disease","prevention after disease","preventive","treatment before disease","sub-health","acupuncture pretreatment" and "chronic" were searched and related preventive acupuncture literatures were retrieved.After screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the data were normalized and a database was established,and statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel.IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software were used for acupoint association rules and clustering analysis.According to the principle of evidence-based acupuncture and moxibustion graded disease spectrum,systematic review and meta-analysis of Chinese literature on acupuncture and moxibustion treated diseases were searched,and the pre-disease state and the superior diseases of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion were summarized.ResultsThe understanding of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion in classical literature has covered the category of tertiary prevention in modern medicine,and the description words of different symptoms of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion are roughly the same as those in modern literature.According to the retrieval,604 prescriptions of acupuncture and moxibology in ancient literatures were found to meet the requirements,involving 239 acupoints with 961 frequency and an average frequency of 4 times per acupoint.There were460 single-point prescriptions,44 pairs and multi-point prescriptions.Among the 98 commonly used points,there were 96 14-meridian points and 2 extra-meridian points.There were 54 methods of acupuncture,42 methods of moxibustion and 12 methods of acupuncture.The rules of acupoint selection in ancient literatures :(1)76% of ancient literatures were single acupoint prescriptions;The distribution of acupoints is characterized by dispersion;(2)a total of 98 commonly used acupoints,accounting for 37.84%;The top five commonly used acupoints are Zusanli,Xingjian,Zhangmen,Zhongwan and Taiyuan.(3)The compatibility of Shaoshang and Quze,Pishu and Jiexi meets the high support degree and confidence threshold.The pedigree diagram showed six pairs of effective clustering acupoint combinations,a total of six groups: Shaoshang-Quze,Weishu-Yongquan-Lao Gong-Shangyang,Feishu-Taiyuan-Zusanli-Zhongwan,Yanggu-Hegu-Qiangu-Houxi-Baihui-Lidui,Zhangmen-Qimen,Pishu-Jiexi-Shenshu-Tinghui-Yifeng;(4)Distribution of meridians and acupoints: Foot sun meridian,Foot Yangming Meridian and Ren Meridian;(5)A total of238 acupoints were used,of which 128 were specific acupoints,accounting for 53.55%.The specific acupoints were mainly five infusion points,rendezvous points and original points.(6)the frequency of upper extremity acupoints on the body was the highest,accounting for23.25%.(7)In ancient times,moxibustion was emphasized,and the depth,time and aizhu zhuang number of operation were recorded differently in ancient books.There were 105 modern literatures that met the requirements,involving 120 acupoints with560 frequency and an average frequency of 4.6 times per acupoint.In the application of 31 commonly used points,including 14 meridian points 28,meridian points 3.Acupuncture therapy mainly includes acupuncture and moxibustion.63 articles on acupuncture,30 articles on moxibustion and 7 articles on acupuncture were clearly recorded.The most literatures were subhealth 26,insomnia 7,stroke 6,47 diseases in total.The rules of acupoint selection in modern literature :(1)the prescriptions of acupoint and multi-acupoint are mostly in modern literature;The distribution of acupoints is mainly concentrated;(2)The top five points in frequency of common acupoints are: Zusanli,Sanyinjiao,Guanyuan,Hegu and Baihui;There were 31 commonly used acupoints,accounting for 25.83% of the total acupoints.(3)Guan Yuan was matched with Qihai,Guan Yuan and Qihai with Zusanli,Piyu with Zusanli,Zusanli and Baihui with Sanyinjiao,which met the high support degree and confidence threshold;Effective clustering combination:Shenque-Mingmen,Guan Yuan-Qihai-Zhongwan-Zusanli,Shenshu-Pishu-Feishu-Dazhui,Hegu-Quchi-Fengchi,Baihui-Neiguan-Taichong-Sanyinjiao;(4)Distribution of meridians and acupoints: Foot sun meridian,Foot Yangming Meridian and Ren Meridian;(5)A total of 120 acupoints were used,of which 100 were specific acupoints,accounting for83.33%.(6)lower extremity acupoints were the most widely used in the whole body,accounting for 30.23%.(7)The use of acupuncture is higher than the treatment of moxibustion,indicating that modern doctors pay attention to the use of acupuncture to prevent and treat diseases.According to systematic review and meta-analysis,the advantages of preventive acupuncture were summarized as follows: post-stroke depression,hypertension,tinnitus,premature ovarian failure,chronic gastritis,irritable bowel syndrome,deafness,anxiety,eczema,diabetes,aging,allergic rhinitis,and chronic prostatitis.Conclusions1.In ancient literature,preventive acupuncture and moxibustion is mainly used in cholera,epidemic diseases and children’s health care,while modern doctors mostly use itin five diseases: precursors of stroke,perimenopausal syndrome,hypertension,asthma andsub-health.The difference of disease types between ancient and modern literature is the extension and expansion of the idea of preventive acupuncture and moxibustionused by modern doctors in clinical practice.2.The highest frequency of commonly used acupoints in ancient and modern literature of preventive acupuncture is ST36,which accounts for a higher proportion of modern literature than ancient literature.The commonly used acupoints in ancient and modern literature are 98 and 31 respectively,and the frequency of commonly used acupoints in modern literature is far higher than that in ancient times.It shows that the distribut-ion of ancient acupoints is scattered,and multiple acupoints have special effects.The distribution of modern acupoints is concentrated,and multiple acupoints are uni-versal.3.The operation method of preventive acupuncture and moxibustion,ancient doctors pa-y attention to the method of moxibustion,modern doctors mostly use the operation m-ethod of acupuncture,clinical often ignore the prevention and treatment of moxibustion.