| Objective:By comparing the gestational age,neonatal weight,serum levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MMP-9,PGE2,and placental histopathology between the periodontitis group and the periodontally healthy group.Differences to explore the effect of maternal periodontitis on pregnancy.Methods:In this study,25 pregnant women with periodontitis and 25 pregnant women with periodontal health who visited the obstetrics department of Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2020 to May 2021 were selected in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Inclusion criteria are: a.All subjects are older than 18 years old and gestational age is greater than 28 weeks;b.Have not taken any antibacterial drugs within 3 months,and have not received periodontal-related treatment within 1 year;c.There are at least 20 teeth in the whole mouth that can be evaluated for periodontal condition,and at least 8 molars;d.No eating,brushing,chewing gum and other activities 2 hours before the periodontal examination;e.Primitive singleton pregnancy.The exclusion criteria were: a.Primary hypertension,diabetes and other systemic diseases;b.cervical insufficiency,infectious diseases,vaginitis,urinary tract infection,etc.;c.have a history of smoking,drinking or drug abuse;d.gingivitis;patients with index teeth with malocclusion.All subjects signed informed consent.Periodontal pocket depth(PD),bleeding index(BI),clinical attachment loss(CAL),calculus index(CI)and debris index(DI)of ten index teeth of each subject 11,16,17,26,27,31,36,37,46,47 were recorded according to periodontal examination.According to the new classification method of periodontal disease and periodontal disease in 2018 to diagnose periodontitis,pregnant women were divided into periodontitis group and periodontal healthy group.A questionnaire survey was used to record the general condition of pregnant women and their oral health care habits.Neonatal weight,neonatal sex,gestational age of delivery,and mode of delivery were recorded by reviewing the maternity obstetric cases.The serum of the two groups of subjects was collected to detect the contents of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MMP-9 and PGE2 by ELISA kit,and the correlation between various inflammatory cytokines and neonatal weight was analyzed.One case of placental tissue was collected from each group of pregnant women for histopathological analysis by HE staining.Results:1.There was no statistical difference in the general condition: age,BMI,education level and work of pregnant women between the periodontitis group and the periodontal healthy group(p>0.05).There were no significant differences in oral health habits:brushing time,brushing methods,and flossing between the two groups of pregnant women,only the number of times of brushing was statistically different(p<0.05).2.The periodontal status of pregnant women in the periodontitis group and the periodontal healthy group: PD,CAL,BI,CI,and DI of the pregnant women in the periodontitis group were higher than those in the periodontal healthy group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).3.The neonatal weight of the two groups of pregnant women after delivery was2.99±0.33 kg in the periodontitis series,which was lower than that in the periodontal healthy group(3.34±0.24kg),and the difference was statistically significant(p=0.000);the gestational age of the periodontitis series at delivery was 38.75±0.87 weeks,which was smaller than that of the periodontal healthy group(39.26±0.76 weeks),and the difference was statistically significant(p=0.034);There was no significant difference in the gender of the newborns between the groups of pregnant women after delivery(p>0.05).4.Serum inflammatory cytokines in two groups of pregnant women: the serum levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MMP-9 and PGE2 in the periodontitis group were higher than those in the periodontal healthy group,and the difference was statistically significant(p <0.05);there were correlations between IL-1β,PGE2 and neonatal weight,r values were-0.281,-0.313(p<0.05).5.The histopathological analysis of the placenta of pregnant women in the periodontitis group and the periodontal healthy group was normal,and no abnormal changes were found in the umbilical cord,fetal membranes,and placental interstitium.Conclusion:In this study,the neonatal weight and gestational age of delivery in the periodontitis group were smaller than those in the periodontal healthy group.The serum levels of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MMP9,and PGE2 in the periodontitis group were higher than those in the periodontal healthy group,and the correlation between IL-1β,PGE2 and neonatal weight was statistically significant.These results suggest that maternal periodontitis may affect gestational age and neonatal weight,and may be related to inflammatory factors,in which IL-1β and PGE2 may play an important role. |
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