| Objective:In this study,the feces and blood samples which are from two group of people,the patients who are with heart failure and with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF),and the healthy people in Inner Mongolia were tested and analyzed,to explore the difference of intestinal flora between HFpEF patients and healthy people,and to analyse whether intestinal flora is correlated with the pathogenesis,and to illustrate the role of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis of HFpEF,so as to provides important experimental basis and possible potential intervention targets for the prevention and treatment of HFpEF.Methods:30 HFpEF patients who hospitalized in Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Dept,and general practice department Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected,and during the same period,30 healthy controls who taken physical exams,were selected in the physical examination center.The clinical data from the two group which were collected and were done comparations.Blood and feces samples from all subjects were compiled,and biochemical indexes of blood samples were assayed.At the same time,the fecal samples were sequenced by 16SrDNA sequencing technology.After collecting relevant data,the difference of intestinal flora between HFpEF patients and healthy people,and the correlation between the difference and the incidence of HFpEF were analyzed.Results:(1)No obvious disparity were found between the two groups in gender,age,smoking,alcohol consumption,ethnicity,BMI,blood glucose,liver function,renal function,blood lipid and left ventricular ejection fraction(P>0.05);NT-proBNP in HFpEF group was significantly higher than NT-proBNP in control group(P<0.05).(2)Alpha diversity and Beta diversity analysis: comparing Chao1,ACE,Simpson,Shannon,PD＿whole＿tree,Coverage,in total of six Alpha indexes,PCA analysis of the two groups of samples showed that,there was no significant difference in intestinal flora abundance,diversity and coverage between HFpEF group and control group(P>0.05).(3)Compared with the healthy population,there are significant differences in the composition of intestinal flora in HFpEF patients at all levels.At the phylum level,in HFpEF group,the abundance of verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes was higher,and it was statistically significant in the difference of Verrucomicrobia between the two groups(P<0.05).It was lower at the abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.However,the difference was not statistically obvious(P<0.05);At the class level,The relative abundance of Bacteroidia,Verrucomicrobia,Bacilli and Erysipelotrichia in HFpEF group was significantly higher than that in healthy group.The differences of verrucomicroflora and Bacillus were statistically significant(P < 0.05).The relative abundance of Clostridia,Gammaproteobacteria and Negativicutes in the HFpEF group was lower than that in the Control group,with no significant difference(P > 0.05);At the order level,the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Lactobacillales in HFpEF group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group(P < 0.05),and there was no difference in other intestinal flora orders between the two groups.At the family level,the abundance of Ruminococcaceae,Enterobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae in the intestinal tract of HFpEF patients was lower than that of healthy people(P> 0.05).In HFpEF group,the abundance of Bacteroidaceae,Akkermansiaceae and Veillonellaceae was higher,and the difference of Akmansiaceae was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There were no significant differences in the rest.At the genus level,the average relative abundance of Escherichia,Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium in HFpEF group was lower than that in healthy group,with no statistical significance(P > 0.05).The average relative abundance of Bacteroides,Akkermansia,Subdoligranulum and Dialister was higher than that of the control group.Only Ackermanella had statistical significance(P < 0.05).As for the species level,as for the Escherichia＿coli,Bacteroides＿vulgatus,Faecalibacterium＿prausnitzii,Eubacterium-Recta le,Streptococcus＿salivarius and Uncultured＿bacterium＿g＿Subdogranulum,the abundance of which in the HFpEF group was relatively low,compared with the control group.The differences was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).And the abundances of Akkermansia＿muciniphila,Bacteroids＿uniformis,Megamonas＿funiformis,Klebisella＿pneumoniae,which in the HFpEF group is relatively higher,among which the difference of the akkermansia＿muciniphila was statistically obvious(P < 0.05).(4)Correlation analysis between the differences of intestinal flora and HFpEF:Verrucomicrobia was found to be correlated with NT-probNP(P < 0.05).Conclusion :(1)There was no significant difference in the richness,evenness,coverage and diversity of intestinal flora between HFpEF patients and people who are healthy.(2)After compared with the healthy control group,there are differences of intestinal flora between HFpEF group and the health control group at the level of phylum,the level of class,the level of order,the level of family,the level of genus and the level of species.The Verrucomicrobia 、 Bacilli 、 Lactobacillales 、Akkermansia＿muciniphila may be related to the occurrence and development of HFpEF.(3)There was correlation between Verrucomicrobia and NT-proBNP. |
