| ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between leisure activity participation,genetic risk and frailty risk in the Chinese elderly and the joint effect of leisure activity and genetic risk on the risk of frailty.MethodsThe participants of this study were from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey(CLHLS).Our study was based on four surveys or follow-ups data(2008,2011,2014 and 2018)of the CLHLS.Simple genetic risk score and weighted genetic risk score were calculated based on four single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP),including HDAC9 rs2074633,PPP3CA rs17030795,MUSK rs2298492 and rs2274419,and we divided participants into low genetic risk(<P50)and high genetic risk(≥P50)groups according to the median of genetic risk score.The genotype data were derived from the genome-wide association study dataset of CLHLS Project.And leisure activities included gardening,watching television(TV)or listening to the radio,reading books or newspapers,keeping pets,playing cards or mahjong,and participating in social activities.We constructed a FI to evaluate frailty.Moreover,we used Cox proportional risk regression model to estimate the associations of leisure activity and genetic risk with the risk of frailty.Our team has finished the 8th round of the CLHLS project in 7 cities of Guangdong Province in 2018,and the biomarker collection and analysis of 883 participants of the 9th round of CLHLS in Guangdong and Sichuan Province in 2021.I have participated in the survey in South China in 2021.Results(1)Association between genetic risk and frailty:our study documented 24,948 person-years,and 1244 participants developed into frailty.The rs2074633,rs 17030795,rs2298492 and rs2274419 polymorphisms all increased the risk of frailty.Compared with participants with lower genetic risk,those with higher genetic risk were more likely to develop frailty(HR=1.28,95%CI:1.14-1.44).(2)Association between leisure activity and frailty risk:Compared with those who didn’t regularly participate in specific leisure activities,those regularly participated in gardening,reading books or newspapers,watching TV or listening to the radio,playing cards or mahjong and participating in social activities have lower risks of frailty,those adjusted hazard ratios(HRs)were 0.80(95%CI:0.68-0.94)for gardening,0.74(95%CI:0.62-0.89)for reading books or newspapers,and 0.77(95%CI:0.67-0.89)for watching TV or listening to the radio,0.82(95%CI:0.71-0.96)for playing cards or mahjong and 0.69(95%CI:0.58-0.83)for participating in social activities respectively.(3)The joint effect of leisure activity and genetic risk on the risk of frailty:In the high genetic risk group,regular participation in gardening activities(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.63-1.00,P=0.047),watching TV or listening to the radio(HR=0.75,95%CI:0.64-0.88)and playing cards or mahjong(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.60-0.97)could reduce the risk of frailty.In the low genetic risk group,regular reading of books or newspapers was associated with a 49%reduced risk of frailty(HR=0.51,95%CI:0.36-0.73).Compared with those with low genetic risk and regularly participated in two or more types of leisure activities,participants with high genetic risk who regularly participated in two or more types of leisure activities were associated with a 27%(HR=1.27,95%CI:1.01-1.59)increased risk of frailty;participants with low genetic risk who regularly participated in fewer leisure activities were more likely to develop frailty(HR=1.40,95%CI:1.13-1.73),and high genetic risk with regularly participated in two or more types leisure activities were associated with a 79%(HR=1.79,95%CI:1.46-2.20)increased risk of frailty.The joint effect of genetic risk and leisure activity on the association of frailty between was stronger in women or those over 90 years old.Conclusions(1)Genetic risk was associated with an increased risk of frailty;(2)Regular participation in gardening,reading books or newspapers,watching TV or listening to the radio,playing cards or mahjong,and participating in social activities were associated with reduced risk of frailty;(3)Regular participation in multiple leisure activities partially counteracts the genetic risk of frailty. |
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