| ObjectiveTo understand the needs of nurses for various motivation factors under the background of the COVID-19 epidemic,to understand the mental health status of nurses and the effects of various motivation factors on the motivation effect and mental health status,so as to provide theoretical basis for incentive mechanism for major epidemics and public health emergencies.MethodsIn this study,active nurses from 22 medical and health institutions in Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar were selected as subjects by convenient sampling method.Incentive questionnaire and general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)were adopted.Nursing departments of hospitals were contacted through the questionnaire Star platform,and the head nurses of each department supervised the online distribution of questionnaires.SPSS21.0 was used to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaires.Measurement data were described by (?)±s,analysis of variance or independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison,mental health level was described by component ratio,Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparison,correlation coefficient between motivation factors and mental health was analyzed.The structural equation model was constructed based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory to verify its interaction relationship and research hypotheses in the conceptual model.AMOS17.0 was used to construct the structural equation model.Results1.The reliability and validity of each scale were analyzed in this study.The Klonbach α coefficient of the total scale and each dimension scale was more than 0.9,and the factor load coefficient of each dimension was more than 0.4,indicating that the reliability and validity of motivator scale and mental health scale were good.2.Survival incentive factor dimension,safety incentive factor dimension,social incentive factor dimension,self-actualization incentive factor dimension,incentive effect dimension,according to variance analysis,there are statistically significant differences in education background,marital status,department,professional title,working years,employment method and monthly income in each dimension.3.A total of 1092 nursing staff were investigated in this study.774 nursing staff had good mental health status,accounting for 70.9% of the total number,318 people had mental health problems,and the abnormal rate of mental health was 29.1%.4.There is a correlation between the mental health status of nursing staff and survival motivator dimension,safety motivator dimension,social motivator dimension,self-actualization motivator dimension and motivation effect dimension,and the correlation coefficients are 0.790,0.850,0.894,0.787,0.860,respectively,and all of them are negatively correlated.The higher the motivating factor score,the lower the mental health status score.5.Survival motivator,social motivator and self-actualization motivator have positive effects on incentive effect,and their path coefficients are 0.106,0.379 and 0.391,respectively.Safety incentive factors,self-actualization incentive factors and incentive effect have negative effects on mental health status.6.Among nursing staff without professional title,safety incentive factor,social incentive factor and self-actualization incentive had positive effects on incentive effect factors,and their path coefficients were 0.283,0.374 and 0.279,respectively.Safety motivators and social motivators have negative effects on mental health status,and their path coefficients are-0.204 and-0.980,respectively.Among nursing staff with professional titles,safety motivation factor,social motivation factor and self-actualization motivation factor have positive effects on motivation effect,and their path coefficients are 0.234,0.294 and0.479,respectively.Respect motivator,safety motivator and incentive effect have negative effects on mental health status,and their path coefficients are-0.566,-0.281,and-0.966,respectively.7.Among contract nursing staff,survival incentive factor,social incentive factor and self-actualization incentive factor had positive effects on incentive effect factors,and their path coefficients were 0.228,0.410 and 0.211,respectively.Safety incentive factors and incentive effect have negative effects on mental health status,and their path coefficients are-0.620 and-0.905,respectively.Among the nursing staff,safety incentive factor,social incentive factor and self-actualization incentive factor had a positive effect on the incentive effect factor,and their path coefficients were 0.198,0.279 and 0.506,respectively.Respect motivators and safety motivators had negative effects on mental health status,and their path coefficients were-0.687 and 0.547,respectively.Conclusions1.Against the background of the novel coronavirus epidemic,the abnormal rate of mental health status of nursing staff in this survey is relatively high,so it is necessary to pay attention to the mental health level of nursing staff.2.Survival motivator,social motivator and self-actualization motivator all have positive effects on motivation effect.Safety incentive factors,selfactualization incentive factors and incentive effect have negative effects on mental health status.3.Social motivators and self-actualization motivators both have positive effects on motivation effect.The incentive factors for the survival of the contract nursing staff had a positive effect on the incentive effect,the incentive factors for the safety of the nursing staff had a positive effect,and the incentive factors for the safety of the nursing staff had a negative effect on the mental health of the nursing staff,the incentive effect of the contract nursing staff had a negative effect on the mental health,the incentive factors for the nursing staff respect had a negative effect on the mental health. |
