The Law Of Transformation And Green Extraction Process Of Cannabidiol In Industrial Cannabis Sativa

At present,the synthesis process of Cannabidiol（CBD）in industrial Cannabis sativa in plants has been successfully revealed,but the transformation mechanism is rarely reported,and it is impossible to accelerate the production of CBD in industrial Cannabis sativa through external factors based on theoretical means,and it is inevitable during the extraction process.Waste of resources with botanical ingredients.The new extraction process of CBD in industrial Cannabis sativa has already been studied,but the selection of extraction solvent is based on traditional organic solvents.Although the technical process combines modern extraction technology,the extraction process takes a long time and consumes a lot of energy.In view of the above existing problems,this study starts from the nature of CBD formation in industrial Cannabis sativa,analyzes the heat of chemical reaction and the factors that may affect the transformation of CBD in industrial Cannabis sativa during the chemical reaction process,and explores its transformation mechanism,in order to explore the transformation mechanism of CBD in industrial Cannabis sativa.Before CBD extraction,obtaining a high content of CBD active substances creates prerequisites for application.In addition,in order to improve the existing industrial Cannabis sativa extraction process,in order to avoid the use of organic solvents and seek green and efficient extraction techniques,this study used ultra-high pressure extraction technology combined with surface active substances to extract the CBD components in industrial Cannabis sativa,and Explore extraction mechanisms.The specific results of the study are as follows:（1）Calculate the basic thermodynamic parameters of each component in the conversion process of cannabidiolic acid（CBDA）in industrial Cannabis sativa to CBD by group contribution method and Watson formula.The transformation enthalpy change,entropy change and Gibbs free energy of CBD were calculated at different temperatures from 25 to 140℃under pressure and temperature.The results determined that the standard molar enthalpy of formation of ideal gases CBDA and CBD were-704.19 k J·mol^-1 and-357.66 k J·mol^-1,respectively,and the standard entropies were 954.35 J·mol^-1·K^-1 and 900.41·J·mol^-1·K^-1,respectively.At the temperature of 25～140℃,the thermal decarboxylation conversion reaction of CBDA can occur spontaneously,and with the increase of temperature,the tendency of spontaneous progress is greater.The above research results explained the possibility of decarboxylation conversion of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa to CBD from the perspective of thermodynamics,and provided theoretical support for the kinetic investigation of the decarboxylation conversion of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa to CBD.（2）By investigating the effects of decarboxylation temperature and plant water content on the conversion and decarboxylation of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa to produce CBD,thermal analysis kinetics research was carried out according to the experimental results and the simulation of the normal decomposition kinetic function model,and the thermal analysis of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa bracts was determined.The most probable model of decarboxylation conversion and the activation energy of CBDA decarboxylation reaction,combined with the Arrhenius equation of CBDA decarboxylation reaction to generate CBD,determined the relationship between temperature and CBDA decarboxylation reaction rate.The research results show that:when the water content of the industrial Cannabis sativa plant is about 60%,the content of CBD produced by decarboxylation conversion almost reaches the peak value,and as the water content continues to increase,the content of CBD produced by the conversion is almost unchanged.The most probable model of thermal decarboxylation transformation of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa husks is the F₁ model,and the activation energy of the reaction is 83.41 k J·mol^-1.Combining the relationship between temperature and reaction rate,in the temperature range of 25 to 60℃,the reaction rate is very small,and the decarboxylation conversion reaction of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa is very slow;at 60to 150℃,the reaction rate constant becomes significantly larger,which is consistent with the experimental results.The results remain consistent.The theory reveals that the reasonable temperature for decarboxylation of industrial Cannabis sativa should be in the range of 60 to150℃,which can promote the decarboxylation of CBDA in industrial Cannabis sativa to produce CBD,and can accelerate the process of decarboxylation reaction of CBDA under the condition that the plant contains water.The decarboxylation reaction rate is the fastest.（3）Through the re-screening of the extraction solvents for the traditional extraction of CBD from industrial Cannabis sativa,the aqueous solution of dodecyl dimethyl betaine（BS-12）was determined as a new solvent for extracting CBD.By combining the ultra-high pressure extraction technology,a single factor screening was performed on the possible influencing factors of the extraction process,and the response surface extraction process was optimized according to the screening results.In addition,the directional enrichment process optimization of the extract BS-12 micellar CBD was carried out to prepare for the next step of CBD purification and preparation.The research results show that:through single factor screening,the four main factors are determined as the extraction pressure of ultra-high pressure,the concentration of BS-12 surface active substances,the ratio of material to liquid between the material and the extraction liquid,and the holding time of the extraction process.Extraction prerequisites for optimized process.According to the response surface analysis,the optimal extraction conditions of CBD are as follows:pressure 147 MPa,surface active substance BS-12 concentration 9.7%,solid-liquid ratio 1:16.5,holding time 4.75 min,cycle coefficient 2times,extraction times 2 The complete theoretical extraction can be achieved once.It was verified three times through actual experiments,and the average of the three results was98.51±1.37%,which was basically consistent with the predicted value,which proved that the aqueous solution of surface active substances can completely replace the organic solvent to extract CBD.Taking advantage of the property that tannin and BS-12 have opposite zeta potentials on the surface and mutual adsorption and enrichment,it is determined that when the temperature is 40℃,the enrichment time is 32 min,and the amount of tannin added is 60%of the volume of the extract to be enriched,can completely enrich the BS-12 micellar CBD in the solution.（4）Through the exploration of the ultra-high pressure green process mechanism,the critical micelle concentration of the green extraction solvent BS-12 was determined to be 0.0966mg/m L,which proved that the BS-12 solution was extracted in the form of micelles during the extraction process.The scanning electron microscope observation of the leaves before and after the extraction of industrial Cannabis sativa,the analysis of the transmission electron microscope results before and after the extraction of the surface active extraction solution,and the energy spectrum scanning of the glandular trichomes of the Cannabis sativa before and after the extraction showed that the leaves and the shape of the extract had obvious changes before and after the extraction.The C/O mass and atomic number ratio after extraction are significantly lower than those before extraction.Through the analysis of extraction kinetics,during the high-pressure extraction and washing process,the extraction rate of the target component can account for 94.58%of the total extraction rate,and the mass transfer coefficient of washing is 4 times that of the diffusion mass transfer coefficient,and the mechanism parameters of the extraction process are clarified.After comparing the unit energy consumption and unit CO2 emission of the same best extraction process with different CBD extraction technologies,it was found that the unit energy consumption of ultra-high pressure extraction technology is 1.97×10³ J/mg,and the unit CO₂ emission is 4.28×10^-4 kg/mg,which are respectively the heat reflux 1/18 times,1/20 times of enzyme-assisted extraction,1/12 times of ultrasonic extraction,1/3 times of microwave extraction,which fully proves the significance of the application of ultra-high pressure technology in the extraction of CBD in industrial Cannabis sativa.