| Background:The correlation between the microstructural morphology and retinal function of the idiopathic macular hole(IMH)was investigated based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)and microfield examination.Methods:This is a prospective study.A total of 32 patients(32 eyes)with unilateral idiopathic macular hole and healthy contralateral eye diagnosed in the ophthalmology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September2021 to February 2023 were included,and age,gender,eye type of the affected eye,intraocular pressure,eye axis,and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)with the results were converted into logarithms of the minimum resolution angle were collected.All subjects underwent SD-OCT and MP-3 microperimetry to obtain information on retinal structure and visual function in the macula.The SD-OCT acquisition parameters include the minimum diameter of the hole(minimum diameter,MD),the basal diameter of the hole(base diameter,BD),the height of the hole(height,H),the arc length of the photoreceptors separated on both sides of the hole(LAL、RAL)and the length of the hole arms on both sides(M、N),based on these parameters,the following morphological parameters were calculated:macular hole index(MHI),traction hole index(THI),hole form factor(HFF),diameter hole index(DHI),macular healing index(MHC)and macular hole closing index(MHCI).The parameters of MP-3 microfield examination included 2°fixation rate,4°fixation rate,fixation point sensitivity,mean sensitivity(MS)within 4°of fixation center and bivariate contour ellipse area(BCEA)occupied by 68.20%,95.40%,and 99.60%of fixation points.The patients were divided into two groups according to the minimum diameter of the hole:group A(MH≤550μm)and group B(MH>550μm),with 16 cases(16 eyes)in each group,then 8 cases(16 eyes)of contralateral eye were randomly selected from the two groups as the control group(MH contralateral eye group).Finally,the data were analyzed and studied using SPSS 26.0statistical analysis software.Results:1.There were no significant differences in age,sex,IOP and axial length among the three groups(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in BCVA between any two groups(p<0.01).2.Compared with group A,the mean values of MD and BD were significantly increased in group B(P<0.01),while the mean values of THI,MHCI,MHI and HFF were significantly decreased(p<0.01);in addition,the mean values of H and DHI were not statistically different between the two groups(P>0.05).3.The fixation rate of 2°,fixation rate of 4°,MS within 4°of the fixation center,and visual acuity of the fixation center of the three groups decreased with the increase of the hole and the hole diameter MD;68.2%BCEA,95.4%BCEA,and 99.6%BCEA increased due to the increase in pore size and pore diameter MD,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the 4°fixation rate,68.2%BCEA,95.4%BCEA,and 99.6%BCEA between the control group and group A(P>0.05).4.Pearson correlation analysis found no correlation between H and 2°fixation in IMH patients(r=0.037,P=0.845);MD,BD,and DHI were negatively correlated with2°fixation(r=-0.709,P<0.001;r=-0.369,P=0.045;r=-0.436,P=0.014);THI,MHCI,MHI,and HFF were significantly and positively correlated with 2°fixation(r=0.676,P<0.001;r=0.520,P=0.003;r=0.510,P=0.004;r=0.557,P=0.001).Spearman correlation analysis found no correlation between BD,H,DHI,and MHI and 4°fixation in IMH patients(r_s=-0.318,P=0.080;r_s=-0.149,P=0.415;r_s=-0.164,P=0.370;r_s=0.332,P=0.070);MD had a significant negative correlation with 4°fixation(r_s=-0.530,P=0.002);THI,MHCI,and HFF were positively correlated with 4°fixation rate(r_s=0.457,P=0.020;r_s=0.499,P=0.004;r_s=0.504,P=0.003).5.Pearson correlation analysis found no significant correlation between H and MS within 4°of the gaze center in IMH patients(r=-0.021,P=0.908);MD,BD,and DHI were negatively correlated with MS within 4°of the gaze center(r=-0.765,P<0.001;r=-0.445,P=0.012;r=-0.380,P=0.032);THI,MHCI,MHI,and HFF were positively correlated with MS within 4°of the gaze center(r=0.726,P<0.001;r=0.555,P=0.001;r=0.628,P<0.001,r=0.593,P<0.001).H,DHI,and MHCI in IMH patients were not significantly correlated with fixation point visual acuity(r=-0.332,P=0.063;r=-0.130,P=0.481;r=0.328,0.070);MD,BD and fixation point visual acuity were negatively correlated(r=-0.613,P<0.001;r=-0.489,P=0.005);THI,MHCI,MHI,HFF and fixation point visual acuity were positive correlation(r=0.433,P=0.015;r=0.328,P=0.070;r=0.368,P=0.042,r=0.359,P=0.043).6.H and DHI were not correlated with 68.2%,95.4%,and 99.6%BCEA in IMH patients(P>0.05);MD and BD were positively correlated with 68.2%,95.4%,and99.6%BCEA(P<0.05);THI,MHCI,MHI,and HFF were negatively correlated with68.2%,95.4%,and 99.6%BCEA(P<0.05).7.IMH patients showed negative moderate correlation between 2°fixation rate,4°fixation rate,fixation point visual acuity,and MS within 4°of the center of gaze and MD(r=-0.709,P<0.001;r_s=-0.53,P=0.002;r=-0.613,P<0.001;r=-0.765,P<0.001);68.20%BCEA,95.40%BCEA,99.60%BCEA showed moderate positive correlation with MD(r_s=0.6,P<0.001;r_s=0.766,P<0.001;r_s=0.756,P<0.001).2°fixation rate,4°fixation rate,fixation point visual acuity,and gaze center within 4°MS showed positive correlation with THI(r=0.676,P<0.001;r_s=0.457,P=0.015;r=0.4334,P=0.015;r=0.726,P<0.001);68.20%BCEA,95.40%BCEA,99.60%BCEA showed moderate negative correlation with THI(r_s=-0.54,P=0.003;r_s=-0.698,P<0.001;r_s=-0.703,P<0.001).Conclusions:The smaller the value of the microstructural parameters MD and BD of the IMH fissure and the higher the value of THI,MHCI,MHI,and HFF,the better the retinal fixation stability and MS within 4°of the center of gaze.,among all,MD and THI correlate more strongly with retinal function,so for the patients who can not complete the examination of microfield,the values of MD and THI may be used as a reference to infer the retinal function of macula. 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