The Effect Of Video-based Introduction And Demonstration On Preoperative Anxiety In Elderly Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Interventional Therapy

Objective:(1)To understand the preoperative anxiety of elderly patients with coronary heart disease and its influencing factors.(2)To explore the effect of video introduction and demonstration on preoperative anxiety,blood pressure,heart rate and respiratory rate in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing interventional therapy.Methods:(1)Cross-sectional survey: According to the voluntary principle,select elderly patients with coronary heart disease who meet the admission and discharge standards from July 31,2021 to November 30,2021 in the Department of Cardiology,a No.A total of 215 patients were enrolled.General demographic data and preoperative anxiety scores were collected using self-made general information questionnaires and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).After the questionnaires were collected,blood pressure,heart rate and respiratory rate were measured.(2)Randomized controlled experimental study: From December 1,2021 to March 18,2022,110 elderly patients with coronary heart disease who were ready for interventional treatment in the Department of Cardiology of Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital were selected as the research objects,after obtaining informed consent,they were divided into control group and experimental group according to the method of random number table,with 55 cases in each group.2-3 days before the operation,the control group was given a routine psychological nursing intervention of disease and interventional surgery-related knowledge,education on precautions before and after surgery,preoperative preparation and answering patients’ questions,while the experimental group was given a video introduction on the basis of the control group.Demonstration intervention,including watching the video of the surgical process,the video of the excellent case,preoperative preparation and answering the patient’s questions,the total duration of the intervention is60 minutes.The baseline data of the subjects were collected before the intervention,SAS scores were collected after the intervention,and blood pressure,heart rate and respiratory rate were measured.(3)SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to input and analyze data.The main methods included: descriptive analysis,linear regression analysis,chi-square test,Fisher’s exact probability test,t test and repeated measures analysis of variance.Results:(1)Cross-sectional survey: 208 valid questionnaires were finally recovered.The preoperative SAS score of elderly patients with coronary heart disease intervention was 56.71±12.13( ± s),which belonged to the mild anxiety level.Among them,166 patients had Preoperative anxiety,the incidence rate was 79.8%;age,education level,understanding of surgery,whether I could feel the concern of my family,caregivers and hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for preoperative anxiety in the research subjects.(2)Randomized controlled pilot study:(1)Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the video introduction demonstration had statistical significance in the main effect of time,the main effect of intervention and the interaction effect(F=279.808,P=0.000;F=12.333,P=0.001;F=88.620,P=0.000),which can effectively relieve the preoperative anxiety of the research subjects.(2)The paired t test showed that the video introduction and demonstration can effectively reduce the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate and respiratory rate(t=6.030,P=0.000;t=5.287,P=0.001;t=3.699,P=0.001;t=1.967,P=0.000),but combined with clinical practice,the fluctuation values of blood pressure and heart rate are more than 5mm Hg and 5 times/min,respectively,which has clinical significance;while the fluctuation value of respiratory rate is less than 1 time/min,which has no clinical significance.Conclusions:(1)Elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing interventional therapy generally have mild anxiety before surgery.The main influencing factors of preoperative anxiety are age,education level,understanding of surgery,whether they can feel family care for me,caregivers and combined hyperlipidemia.(2)Video introduction and demonstration can more effectively improve the preoperative anxiety of research subjects than conventional psychological nursing intervention.(3)Video introduction and demonstration can effectively reduce the blood pressure and heart rate of the research subjects.