Study On The Prevalence Of Cognitive Abnormalities And Related Factors In The Elderly Population In Communities In Three Provinces Of China

Objective: The cognitive abnormalities and related factors in the elderly population in Liaoning,Henan and Guangdong provinces were analyzed,and the relationship between sleep disorders in different dimensions and different grades of hearing loss and cognitive abnormalities in the elderly was explored,and reasonable suggestions were put forward for the prevention of cognitive abnormalities in the elderly population in China.Methods: From January 2019 to September 2019,multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to conduct questionnaire surveys and ear examinations for elderly people aged 60 and above in 12 counties/districts in Liaoning,Henan and Guangdong provinces,and the cognitive abnormalities of the elderly in the community were analyzed.Among them,the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used for cognitive function assessment,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used for sleep quality assessment,descriptive analysis,χ~2,wilcoxon correlation analysis,multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze sleep disorders in different dimensions,association between different grades of hearing loss and cognitive abnormalities.Results: A total of 10 347 participants with a mean age of 66.95±6.33 years were included in this study.There were 1 972 elderly people with cognitive abnormalities in the three provinces,the prevalence of cognitive abnormalities was 19.06%,which was higher in women than that in males(20.68vs16.90,P<0.01),female(OR=1.138,95% CI: 1.012～1.280),rural residents(OR=1.385,95%CI: 1.237～1.551),no spouse(OR=1.285,95%CI: 1.104～1.495),poor sleep quality(OR= 1.204,95% CI:1.079～1.343),hearing loss(OR=1.247,95% CI: 1.034～1.503)are risk factors for cognitive abnormalities in old age;Participation in social activities(OR=0.629,95%CI: 0.554～0.714),regular tea drinking(OR=0.658,95%CI: 0.574～0.755),physical exercise(OR=0.703,95%CI: 0.622～0.794)are protective factors of cognitive abnormalities in the elderly.After adjusting for demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors,the results of multivariate logistic regression showed that there was no significant difference in overall sleep quality between groups(P=0.088),and among the seven dimensions that constituted overall sleep quality,there were sleep onset time of more than 30 minutes(OR=1.169,95% CI: 1.049～1.302),sleep time > 8hours(OR=1.305,95%CI: 1.118～1.524),Sleep efficiency was low(OR=1.247,95%CI: 1.103～1.409),daytime dysfunction(OR=1.078,95%CI: 1.006～1.155),moderate to severe hearing loss(OR=1.856,95%CI: 1.450～2.376)and severe hearing loss(OR=1.928,95%CI: 1.365～2.724)were positively correlated with increased risk of cognitive abnormalities 。Conclusion: Sleep disorders in sleep disorders with sleep onset time of more than 30 minutes,sleep time of more than 8 hours,sleep efficiency less than or equal to 85%,daytime dysfunction,moderate to severe hearing loss in hearing grade,severe hearing loss may be related to the increased risk of cognitive abnormalities,and it is recommended that the elderly pay attention to sleep problems and hearing loss and treat them early.Encourage older adults to develop healthy lifestyles.