| Objective: The main purpose is to master the prevalence of chronic diseases and comorbidities among adult residents in Anshan City and the distribution of related factors,define the co-disease model and the related factors in this region,provide theoretical reference for the prevention and control of chronic disease,and then provide support for the improvement of chronic disease prevention and control policy system.Research method: 1.Using multi-stage stratified random sampling method,a survey was conducted on 2180 residents aged 18 and above in Lishan District,Anshan City,using the "2020 Chronic Disease and Behavioral Risk Factors Survey Questionnaire".Use a pie chart to describe the distribution of the number of chronic diseases and analyze the distribution of the number of various chronic diseases in different genders and ages.2.Implement association rule analysis in data mining technology using SPSS Modeler software,explore comorbidity patterns,and find closely related combinations of two or three diseases.3.Statistically analyze factors such as demographic characteristics,behavioral risk factors,and understand the distribution of relevant factors in the population;The binary logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of comorbidity,and the zero expansion Poisson regression regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the number of patients,and the factors that significantly affected different comorbidity combinations were screened out.Result: 1.Basic information: In this survey,2200 questionnaires were distributed and 2180 valid questionnaires were collected,with a questionnaire effectiveness rate of 99.1%.A total of 2180 adult residents were included,of which46.4% were males and 53.6% were females.The prevalence rate of chronic diseases is51.1%,with a total prevalence rate of 17.2%.Adult residents with one or more chronic diseases account for 33.9%,adult residents with two or more chronic diseases account for 11.2%,and adult residents with three or more chronic diseases account for6%.The top five diseases with the highest prevalence rate in this area are:dyslipidemia(34.1%),hypertension(18.9%),diabetes(10.3%),neck and waist chronic diseases(5.8%),and bone and joint chronic diseases(2.4%).2.The comorbidity patterns of adult residents: according to the screening of support,the top five binary comorbidity combinations and their prevalence rates are hypertension&diabetes(90 cases,4.1%),diabetes&dyslipidemia(115 cases,5.3%),neck and waist diseases&hypertension(62 cases,2.8%),neck and waist diseases&dyslipidemia(59 cases,2.7%),bone and joint diseases&neck and waist diseases(24 cases,1.1%);The triple comorbidity combination includes neck and waist diseases hypertension dyslipidemia(37 cases,1.7%),diabetes hypertension dyslipidemia(52 cases,2.4%).3.With comorbidity as the dependent variable,the analysis found that the influencing factors of comorbidity included age,BMI,central obesity,hypertension family history,more than two intermediate arousals,self-assessment of health status,food nutrition labeling,moderate intensity housework,high-intensity exercise,and recreational activities.Taking the age of 18-29 as a reference,the risk of comorbidity is higher for individuals aged 30-44(OR=1.509),45-59(OR=1.882),and ≥ 60(OR=4.126);Slim(OR=1.257),overweight(OR=1.597),and obese(OR=2.732(1.645,4.536))are 1.257,1.597,and 2.732 times the risk of comorbidity in the normal population,respectively.People with secondary education(OR=0.931)and high education(OR=0.513)have a lower risk of developing two or more chronic diseases compared to those with low education;The comorbidity risk of central obesity(OR=1.445)is 1.445 times higher than that of non central obesity;The family history of hypertension(OR=2.081)was 2.081 times higher than that of non hypertension family history;The comorbidity risk of individuals without intermediate arousal sleep problems is 1.492 times higher than that of those without intermediate arousal sleep problems(OR=1.492);Patients with poor sleep quality(OR=1.579)have a 1.579 fold higher risk of comorbidity compared to those with good sleep quality;Self rated good health status(OR=0.558)and good self rated health status(OR=0.621)are protective factors,while the population with poor self rated health status(OR=2.725)has a 2.725 times higher risk of comorbidity compared to the general self rated health status.People with poor self rated health status have a higher risk of comorbidity.People who read food nutrition labels(OR=0.683)have a lower risk of comorbidity compared to those who do not read food nutrition labels;Residents who engage in moderate intensity household activities(OR=1.720)have a higher risk of comorbidity compared to those who do not engage in moderate intensity household activities;High intensity exercise or recreational activities(OR=0.162)have a much lower risk of comorbidity compared to those without high intensity exercise or recreational activities.4.Taking the number of patients as the dependent variable,the analysis of influencing factors found that gender,education level,family history of hypertension,more than two intermediate arousals,and self-assessment health status had significant effects on the number of chronic diseases..5.The influencing factors were analyzed with different comorbidity combinations as dependent variables: age,central obesity,sleep quality,and moderate intensity household activities were the influencing factors of hypertension complicated with diabetes;Age and moderate intensity housework are the influencing factors of diabetes complicated with dyslipidemia;Family history of hypertension,more than two intermediate arousals,sleep quality,exposure to second-hand smoke,and moderate intensity household activities are the influencing factors of neck and waist disease complicated with hypertension;BMI and moderate intensity household activities are the influencing factors of cervical and lumbar diseases complicated with dyslipidemia;Self rated health status and moderate intensity household activities are influencing factors for the development of neck and waist diseases in patients with bone and joint diseases.Conclusion:1.Among adult residents in Anshan City,51.2% suffer from one or more chronic diseases,while the comorbidity rate of chronic diseases is 17.2%,which is relatively low.The co-occurrence of chronic diseases such as dyslipidemia,hypertension,diabetes and neck and waist diseases in this area needs urgent attention,and effective health intervention measures should be taken to reduce the co incidence of chronic diseases.2.Older age,no spouse,overweight,obesity,low education level,central obesity,hypertension family history,poor self-evaluation health,sleep problems,poor sleep quality,and moderate intensity household activities will lead to an increased risk of chronic comorbidity;Reading food nutrition labels,exercising,or engaging in recreational activities can reduce the risk of comorbidities with chronic diseases.3.Determine prevention and control priorities,take measures against the risk factors of chronic disease comorbidity,and encourage people to implement behaviors to improve their health.Relevant departments should strengthen publicity and carry out health education targeting different populations,which can enhance people’s ability to improve their own health,effectively reduce the occurrence of chronic disease comorbidities,and guide people to live a healthy life. |
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