| Research background and purpose:This study investigated the general demographic characteristics,health literacy,social support,resilience and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community,and analyzed the effects of general demographic characteristics,health literacy,social support and resilience on the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases.The correlation between stress tolerance,health literacy,social support and quality of life was discussed,and the influence path of health literacy,social support and stress tolerance on quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases was clarified.The bottleneck problem of survival management of elderly patients with chronic diseases was diagnosed and the cause of the problem was analyzed.Furthermore,rational countermeasures are put forward,which plays a positive role in improving the anti-risk ability of the elderly,and strategies for improving the quality of life of the elderly are put forward,so as to improve the social adaptability and quality of life of the elderly and realize healthy aging.Subjects and Methods:The literature research method was adopted to design a questionnaire,and then convenient sampling was used to select common elderly patients with chronic diseases(hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,tumor,hyperlipidemia)in a community hospital in Chengdu area as the research objects.Trained medical personnel conducted a questionnaire survey on elderly patients with chronic diseases who came to the hospital during the survey time.The study lasted for 3 months.During that time,602 patients were investigated.Among the recovered questionnaires,28 invalid questionnaires were eliminated,and 574 were finally valid,with an efficiency of 95.35%.t test and variance analysis were used to analyze and explore the influencing factors of stress tolerance in elderly patients with chronic diseases.The mediating effect model was used to analyze the influence of stress tolerance on the quality of life in elderly patients with chronic diseases and to test its mediating effect.Statistical software SPSS26.0 was used for data analysis.Result:(1)A total of 602 questionnaires were distributed in this study,of which 574 were effective,with an efficiency of 95.35%.Male slightly more than female,male accounted for 54.70%,60 to 70 years old elderly accounted for 64.63%.The proportion of married people is relatively high at 76.83%.In terms of the distribution of living conditions,most of the subjects lived with husband and wife,accounting for 75.61%,and people suffering from a chronic disease accounted for 78.40%.93.90% of patients are covered by medical insurance.(2)The average score of the overall stress resistance of the elderly patients with chronic diseases was 68.084±12.888,and the highest score of toughness was31.232±9.446.The total score of health literacy was 70.838±10.302,which was in the general level.The total score of social support of the elderly patients with chronic diseases was 30.354±6.303,which was in the medium level.The total score of life quality of the elderly patients with chronic diseases was 62.989±15.631,which was in the medium level.Univariate analysis showed that different gender,marital status,residential status,education level,monthly income level,health insurance,number of diseases had statistical significance on the elderly patients with chronic diseases in terms of resilience,health literacy,social support and quality of life(P<0.001).(3)Pearson correlation coefficient was used to represent the strength of the correlation,showing a positive correlation between quality of life and health literacy,social support,and resilience level.The correlation values were 0.961,0.857 and 0.871,respectively.Health literacy,social support and stress resistance all had significant effects on the quality of life.Strengthening health literacy,social support and stress resistance could improve the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.001).(4)The mediating effect model showed that health literacy and social support had a significant impact on resilience,and resilience had a positive impact on quality of life.The mediating effect of stress tolerance on the quality of life of health literacy and social support was 0.073 and 0.086,respectively,accounting for 62.393% and 42.364% of the total effect of each factor(P<0.001).Conclusion:(1)The elderly patients with chronic diseases were in the medium level of resistance,and the proportion of people with high level of resistance was low.The elderly patients with bachelor’s degree or above,living with their spouse,monthly income of more than5000,and suffering from two chronic diseases had the highest resistance score;The health literacy was at the general level,and the health literacy of those with bachelor’s degree or above was higher than that of those with two chronic diseases.Medium level of social support,living with spouse,monthly income of more than 5000,suffering from one chronic disease social support level is higher;The quality of life was medium,with a monthly income of more than 5,000,living with a spouse,and suffering from one chronic disease.(2)The relationship between social demographic characteristics and the resistance,health literacy,social support and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases was significant,and the level of social support,health literacy and resilience were positively correlated with the quality of life of patients.Good social support,health literacy and stress tolerance were protective to patients’ quality of life.(3)The mediating effect model shows that health literacy and social support can not only directly affect patients’ quality of life,but also indirectly affect patients’ quality of life through resilience.It is suggested that in chronic disease management,community health care workers can improve the resilience of the elderly by creating a good social support environment and strengthening health literacy education,so as to optimize the quality of life.This study provides a new perspective for improving the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases,and local medical departments should provide more targeted support. |
