Research On Professor Zhao Jisheng’s Medication Law In Treating Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease At Stage 3-5(Non-dialysis) Based On Data Mining

Objective: Through the analysis and data mining of professor Zhao Jisheng’s clinical effective medical records in the treatment of chronic kidney disease(CKD)stage 3-5(non-dialysis)patients,to explore and summarize professor Zhao Jisheng’s medication rules and clinical experience in the treatment of CKD stage 3-5(non-dialysis),in order to inherit the experience of famous old TCM doctors and guide clinical practice.Methods: Outpatient records of patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)in stage 3–5(non-dialysis)treated by Professor Zhao Jisheng from February 2020 to November 2022 were collected and arranged in an Excel spreadsheet using Microsoft Word 2019,IBM SPSS Statistics25.0 and IBM SPSS Modeler18.0.Frequency statistics,association rules and clustering analysis were performed on all patients who met the inclusion conditions,and the results were summarized and summarized.Result:1.In the Present study,stage 3b patients were the most numerous,accounting for46.08%;stage 5 patients accounted for only 2% and were more quickly referred to dialysis treatment.61-80 years old age group accounted for the majority,with 37%.The primary disease was predominantly chronic glomerulonephritis,followed by diabetic nephropathy,hypertensive kidney damage,and IGA nephropathy.2.A complete of 199 Chinese herbal medicines were included in 102 clinical cases,involving 325 herbal prescriptions.42 drugs were used more than 20 times,and the top ten drugs were Radix et Rhizoma Rhei(92.00%),Fructus Corni(84.31%),Radix Astragali seu Hedysari(83.38%),Herba Hedyotis(74.77%),Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong(72.92%),Herba Epimedii(55.69%),Coicis Semen(52.31%),Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae(46.46%),Poria(35.08%)and Xu Changqing(28.92%).3.The highest frequency of use of medicine categories was for deficiency tonics(24.04%),heat-clearing medicines(11.06%)and medicines for diuresis and dampness(11.06%).4.The medicinal properties are predominantly warm(49.60%),cold(34.55%)and peaceful(15.85%).The five tastes of the herb are mostly sweet(32.67%),bitter(27.40%)and pungent(19.34%).The meridians of the drug are mainly liver(20.25%),spleen(14.60%),stomach(13.92%),lung(12.89%)and kidney(11.05%)meridians.5.The main pairs of medicines are Plantago ovata,Dioscorea,Fructus Sempervis,Huang Lian,Radix Bupleurum,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Fructus Psyllium,Chen Pi,Fructus Sempervis,Gui Zhi,Plantago ovata,Dioscorea,Senna,Andrographis,Lonicerae.6.The clustering prescriptions were as follows: Group 1: Semen Plantaginis,Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae,Fructus Forsythiae,Ramulus Cinnamomi,Folium et Rhizoma Corydalis Decumbentis,and Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong;Group two:fructus psoraleae,radix rhodiolae,radix rehmanniae preparata,rhizoma smilacis glabrae,herba taraxaci,concha ostreae preparata,radix et rhizoma rhei,and radix morindae officinalis;Group III: Radix Bupleuri,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Poria,Radix Ophiopogonis,Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata,Rhizoma Coptidis,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,Fructus Aurantii,Radix Codonopsis,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,and Herba Saussureae Involueratae;The fourth group: erigeron breviscapus and rhizoma curculiginis;Group 5: Radix et Rhizoma Cirrhosae,Radix Scrophulariae,Fructus Corni,Semen Coicis,Herba Hedyotis,Euonymus alatus,Herba Epimedii,Radix Rehmanniae,Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae,Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae,Caulis Lonicerae,Xu Changqing,Caulis Sinomenii,Radix Astragali seu Hedysari,and Bird’s Nest.7.The second-order association rules are: Baihua snake tongue herb,Coix lacryma;Baihua snake tongue herb,Xu Changqing;Cornus officinalis,Xu Changqing;Chuanxiong,Gui Zhi;Baihua snake tongue herb,Boneset;Baihua snake tongue herb,Piercing dragon;Astragalus,Piercing dragon;Baihua snake tongue herb,Ghostly feather;Chuanxiong,Ghostly feather.The third-order association rules are: Baihua snake tongue herb,Job’s tear,Cornus officinalis;Baihua snake tongue herb,Job’s tear,Rhubarb;Baihua snake tongue herb,Job’s tear,Astragalus;Baihua snake tongue herb,Job’s tear,Chuanxiong;Baihua snake tongue herb,Job’s tear,Epimedium;Baihua snake tongue herb,Xu Changqing,Cornus officinalis;Baihua snake tongue herb,Tu Fu Ling,Epimedium;Baihua snake tongue herb,Xu Changqing,Astragalus;Cornus officinalis,Xu Changqing,Astragalus;Baihua snake tongue herb,Xu Changqing,Astragalus;Baihua snake Tongue and Tongue Herb,Xu Changqing,Rhubarb;Cornus officinalis,Xu Changqing,White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb;White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb,Dandelion,Rhubarb;White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb,Dandelion,Astragalus;White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb,Boneset,Rhubarb;Chuanxiong,Gui Zhi,Rhubarb;White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb,Pierced Mountain Dragon,Astragalus;White Flowered Snake Tongue Herb,Pierced Mountain Dragon,Cornus officinalis.Conclusion: Zhao Jisheng thought that chronic kidney disease stage 3-5(non-dialysis)is characterized by deficiency and mixed deficiency in Chinese medicine,with the source being kidney deficiency;the deficiency is mainly blamed on the spleen and kidneys,while the symptoms are caused by wind,dampness,stasis and turbidity.The clinical use of medicine is parallel to cold and warm,regulating the internal organs;treating the kidney without forgetting to support the spleen and stomach;making good use of wind medicine to treat chronic kidney disease caused by chronic glomerulonephritis.In terms of the rules of medication,we distinguish the subject from the patient,identify the deficiency of the disease,and grasp the treatment principle of "tonicity as the basis,diarrhea with tonicity,and elimination with tonicity",and treat the disease in an evidence-based manner.