Study On The Relationship Between Whole Blood Minerals And Cognitive Function Among Middle-aged And Elderly People In A Community Of Hubei Province

Objective: To investigate the distribution of whole blood mineral levels and the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)among middle-aged and elderly people in a community in Hubei province,explore the influencing factors of MCI in middleaged and elderly people,and clarify the association of whole blood mineral level with cognitive scores in various fields and MCI.To provide a scientific basis for preventing the occurrence and development of MCI.Methods: In this study,from March 2021 to November 2021,middle-aged and elderly people aged 55 years and above were selected by cluster random sampling in a community of Xiangyang City,Hubei Province.A complete set of neuropsychological tests,including the connection test(TMT-B),auditory language learning test(AVLT),number symbol substitution test(DSST)and verbal fluency test(VFT),were used to evaluate the cognitive function of middle-aged and elderly people through face-to-face investigation.The cognitive function of middle-aged and elderly people in Hubei province was evaluated from four main cognitive areas,including namely executive ability,memory ability,attention ability and language ability,and MCI was diagnosed according to Petersen diagnostic criteria.The whole blood mineral concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0.Chi-square test,T-test,binary Logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the correlation between different social demographic,lifestyle,exercise,whole blood minerals and other factors and multidomain cognitive scores and MCI.Results: A total of 1006 middle-aged and elderly people were included in this study,with an average age of 63.67 years old,161 of them were diagnosed with MCI.The prevalence rate of MCI was 16.00%.The whole blood magnesium and iron concentrations of MCI group were significantly lower than Non-MCI group.Chi-square test results showed that the Non-MCI group had a higher level of education,accounting for 15.38% of people above high school,while the MCI group only accounted for 4.35%.There were also statistical differences between two group in terms of whether they met the recommended amount of physical activity,retired,high blood pressure and their annual income.(1)Multiple linear regression results showed that higher whole blood magnesium concentrations were associated with higher overall cognitive function scores,VFT scores,DSST scores,and MTT-B scores.Partial regression coefficient β(95% CI)were0.03(0.02,0.09),0.37(0.11,0.62)and 0.50(0.01,0.98),1.73(3.40,0.07);Higher whole blood iron levels were associated with higher overall cognitive function scores,VFT scores,DSST scores,and MTT-B scores,Partial regression coefficient β(95% CI)were0.05(0.02,0.08),0.28(0.04,0.52)and 0.48(0.03,0.93),1.79(3.46,0.11).(2)Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the lowest quantile group Q1(15.58,29.69)mg/L,whole blood magnesium levels in group Q2 29.69,35.15)mg/L,Q3(35.15,42.35)mg/L and Q4(42.35,76.15)mg/L were negatively correlated with the occurrence of MCI.OR(95%CI)were 0.44(0.26,0.75),0.52(0.31,0.87)and0.53(0.32,0.90),respectively.Whole blood iron levels were negatively associated with MCI in all Q4(321.65,540.64)mg/L groups compared with the lowest quantile group Q1(121.30,257.19)mg/L,OR(95%CI)0.51(0.29,0.90).Logistic regression analysis after age and sex stratification showed that high magnesium concentrations were associated with a reduced risk of MCI in people over 60 years of age,and women.OR(95%CI)were 0.82(0.68,0.98)and 0.81(0.67,0.97),respectively.High iron concentrations were associated with a reduced risk of MCI in people over 60 years of age,and in women with an OR(95%CI)of 0.79(0.50,0.95)and 0.82(0.70,0.99)respectively.Conclusions: The study found that the prevalence of MCI among middle-aged and elderly people was 16.00% in a community of Hubei Province.High levels of whole blood magnesium and iron were associated with a reduced risk of MCI in middle-aged and elderly people,and were positively correlated with scores in several areas of cognitive function,such as attention,executive ability,and language ability.