| Since the 1970 s,there has been a trend of "cultural turn" in the field of translation studies.The "cultural turn" of translation studies has greatly expanded the field of translation studies.Its research is no longer limited to the category of linguistics,but focuses on the relationship between the text and the external world and cultural context.The manipulation school came into being.As a representative of the cultural school of translation studies,Andre Lefevere put forward the "manipulation theory",which holds that translation is the manipulation and rewriting of the original text,among which ideology,poetics,and patronage are the three major manipulation factors that affect and restrict translation.Under the restriction of these three factors,the translation methods or strategies adopted by the translator will also be affected to a certain extent.Based on the previous research results and the comparison of the literary translations in different historical periods,it is worth further study to explore the cultural turn of translation.Luotuo Xiangzi is the most representative work of Chinese modern novelist Lao She,which has high literary value and practical significance.So far,nearly 20 different translations have been published,exerting a certain influence on world literature.This thesis attempts to take the translation of Evan King,a foreign translator who first translated Luotuo Xiangzi in the 1940 s,and the translation of Shi Xiaojing,a domestic scholar in the 1980 s as comparative samples.Based on Andre Lefevere’s manipulation theory from the perspectives of ideology,poetics,and patronage,this paper compares the two author’s social ideology,personal ideology,and language choices at the three levels of vocabulary,syntax,and literary style,which explores how the two translated versions are manipulated by the three factors of manipulation theory,and how they affect the translator’s choice of translation strategies to realize the cultural transplantation of translation.This thesis consists of five chapters.The first chapter mainly introduces the research background,research significance,and the structure of this paper.The second and third chapters respectively elaborate the theoretical framework and relevant literature review of this study.Chapter four is the main part of this paper,starting from the three factors of manipulation theory(ideology,poetics and patronage),the two versions are compared to explore the cultural transplantation in translation.The last chapter is the conclusion,which summarizes the research findings and limitation of this paper as well as suggestions for future research.It is found that factors such as social ideology,personal ideology,poetics and patronage in the background of the two translators,Evan King and Shi Xiaojing,all affect the translator’s choice of the original version,the adoption of translation strategies and the style of the whole translation to a certain extent.Evan King tends to adopt foreignization translation strategy,while Shi Xiaojing prefers domestication translation strategy.Evan King used Lao She’s original text and rewrote the novel into a happy ending to meet the psychological expectations of American readers.Judging by the traditional translation quality criteria,his translation does not meet the basic requirements of "faithfulness" or "equivalence".Shi Xiaojing chose the updated edition of Luotuo Xiangzi,and the translation is faithful to the theme of the updated edition of the novel.Ideology,poetics,patronage form an invisible "net" that jointly manipulates the translator’s vocabulary,syntax and literary style,thus realizing the whole cultural transplantation in translation.The research results also remind us to pay attention to the identity of translators from another aspect."Borrowing a boat to go to sea" is one idea for the translation of Chinese literary works,but "combining Chinese and Western elements" may be preferable. |
