Research On The Selection Of Shade-tolerant Flowers Under Forests And The Configuration Of Forest Flower Patterns In Guiyan

Shade-tolerant flowers have strong adaptability and high ornamental value,and can quickly and effectively alleviate the large undergrowth space due to the tall growth of trees.Since Guizhou province has unique shade-tolerant flower resources for the development of understory economy,finding shade-tolerant flowers with strong adaptation and multifunctional benefits is the focus of this study.In this paper,we investigated the growth indexes,biomass and physiological indexes of 18 shade-tolerant flowers under two types of trees,Prunus serrulata and Pinus massoniana,with different degrees of Crown density,and used ANOVA and multiple comparisons to investigate the suitability of shade-tolerant flowers under different trees,and used AHP-GRAP to comprehensively screen out AHP-GRAP was used to select multifunctional shade-tolerant economic flowers suitable for undergrowth,with a view to proposing a suitable pattern configuration for forest flowers in Guiyang.The main findings of this study are as follows:(1)Effect of different Crown density levels on the growth of 18 shade-tolerant flower species.The plant height,leaf area,leaf length,and leaf width of four plants,Oxalis corymbosa,Viola philippica,Vinca major,Rhododendron simsii,were significant(P < 0.05)at(0.2-0.4)degrees of Crown density.When the understory light environment was too low,plant growth was inhibited and Hydrangea macrophylla,Farfugrium japonicum,Camellia japonica,Iris japonica,Pleuropterus multiflorus,Mahonia fortunei,Hosta plantaginea,and Lycoris aurea were significant(P < 0.05)at(0.4-0.6)Crown density.Six shade-tolerant flowers,Fatsia japonica,Rohdea japonica,Lycoris radiata,Reineckia carnea,Nephrolepis cordifolia,and Pilea notata,showed significant growth indexes at(0.6-0.8)Crown density.(0.6-0.8)Crown density degree was significant(P < 0.05).(2)Effect of different Crown density levels on the biomass of 18 shade-tolerant flower species.The leaf biomass of Fatsia japonica,Pleuropterus multiflorus,Reineckia carnea,Vinca major,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Pilea notata,Rohdea japonica,Hydrangea macrophylla The leaf biomass of eight species of plants was significant(P < 0.05)at(0.6-0.8)Crown density;the plants with maximum leaf biomass at(0.6-0.8)Crown density in the Pinus massoniana stand were Fatsia japonica,Nephrolepis cordifolia,and Rohdea japonica Under Prunusserrulata,four plants,Farfugrium japonicum,Rhododendron simsii,Lycoris radiataand Iris japonicawere significant and reached the maximum at(0.4-0.6)Crown density,while under Pinus massoniana trees plants Reineckia carnea,Camellia japonica,Mahonia fortune,Hydrangea macrophylla,Hosta plantagineaand Iris japonica were significant(P <0.05)at(0.4-0.6)Crown density.It is evident that when light conditions become weaker,the assimilation products of light energy by plants decrease and the leaf biomass of plants decreases as a result.(3)Effect of different Crown density levels on photosynthetic pigments of 18shade-tolerant flowers.The results of this experiment showed that the chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and chlorophyll a+b of four plants,Fatsia japonica,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Rohdea japonica,and Hydrangea macrophylla,reached their maximum values at(0.6-0.8)degrees of Crown density.Under Pinus massoniana forest,Rhododendron simsii,Vinca major,Mahonia fortunei,and Hydrangea macrophylla,the chlorophyll a/b content of four plants was significant(P < 0.05)at(0.4-0.6)Crown density.Under different degrees of Crown density of cherry stands Fatsia japonica,Pleuropterus multiflorus,Reineckia carnea,Pilea notata,Vinca major,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Rohdea japonica,and Hydrangea macrophylla,the chlorophyll a+b contents of these eight plants were significantly different(P < 0.05)at(0.6-0.8);the chlorophyll a+b contents of the understory plants of Fatsia japonica,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Rohdea japonica plants were significantly different(P < 0.05)at(0.6-0.8);the chlorophyll a+b contents of the understoryplants of Fatsia japonica,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Rohdea japonica plants were significantly different at(0.6-0.8)Crown density were significantly different(P < 0.05).(4)Comprehensive evaluation of undergrowth multifunctional economic flowers: The importance ranking of the AHP-GRAP comprehensive evaluation model was ornamental value > functional value > application value > ecological value,and the top five of the index layer ranking were plant characteristics,flowering period and color,medicinal value,leaf shape and color,and edible value;in summary,the comprehensive ranking value of undergrowth multifunctional economic groundcover flowers was derived.(5)The configuration patterns of multifunctional shade-tolerant flowers under Cerasus and Pinus massoniana forests were studied according to different degrees of Crown density,in order to provide reference for the application of forest flower patterns in Guiyang.Under the Prunus serrulata forest:(1)Under the forest of 0.2-0.4 degree of Crown density,Cerasus +Rhododendron simsii + Vinca major + Oxalis corymbosa + Viola philippica,a reasonable combination to form a rich elevation level of high and low staggered.(2)Under the forest of0.4-0.6 degree of Crown density,Cerasus + Iris tectorum + Farfugrium japonicum,The are planted in pieces or mixed under the forest of Cerasus,choosing low maintenance Iris tectorum with medicinal roots as background and Farfugrium japonicum as foreground under the forest of Cerasus.(3)Under the forest of Crown density degree(0.6-0.8),Cerasus +Rohdea japonica + Pilea notata,so that the forest landscape has a certain healing effect,expanding the diversified development of the forest landscape.Pinus massoniana forests undergrowth pattern configuration:(1)Degree of Crown density(0.2-0.4)undergrowth,Pinus massoniana forests + Oxalis corymbosa + Viola philippicagroundnut +Rhododendron simsii,give full play to the plant science education function,the promotion of undergrowth flowers.(2)Density(0.4-0.6)forest,Pinus massoniana forests + Hosta plantaginea+ Lycoris aurea + Hydrangea macrophylla,the development of forest planting,enhance the forest economy.(3)Under the forest of 0.6-0.8degree of denseness,Pinus massoniana forests + Lycoris radiata + Adiantum capillus-veneris,To improve the structure of Horsetail pine forest and enhance the ecological landscape of the understory.