A Study On The Correlation Between Family Support, Social Avoidance And Distress Among Empty-nest Elderly People In Rural Area

Purpose:This study selected the rural empty-nest elderly as the research object,explores the general situation of this group,family support and social avoidance and distress,and analyzes the influencing factors of family support and social avoidance and distression.To explore the influence of various dimensions of family support on social avoidance and distress and the correlation between them.Object and Method:In this study,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 260 rural empty-nest elderly in 10 rural areas around the cities of Liaoning Province from December 2021 to August 2022.The self-designed general data questionnaire,APGAR and SADS were used to study the empty-nest elderly in rural areas.The collected data were entered by Excel software and checked by two people,and the survey data were analyzed by SPSS26.0 statistical software.This paper makes a descriptive statistical analysis on the family support,social avoidance and distress of the empty-nest elderly in rural areas.The frequency and constituent ratio were used to describe the counting data,which accords with the normal distribution,the mean standard deviation was used to describe the measurement data,and the non-normal distribution was expressed by median(M)and quartile spacing(P25,P75).In univariate analysis,chi-square test,independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test were used to explore the influencing factors of family support,social avoidance and distress by multiple linear regression,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between family support and social avoidance and distress of rural empty-nest elderly.Result:1.The social avoidance and distress scores of the empty-nest elderly in the rural areas of this study were as follows: the highest total score was 28,the lowest was 0,the median(M)and quartile(P25,P75)were 8(2,18),and the highest score of social avoidance was 14,the lowest was 0,and the median(M)and quartile(P25,P75)were 5(2,10).The highest score of social distress was 14,the lowest was 0,and the median(M)and quartile(P25,P75)were 3(0,9).2.The highest score of family support for the empty-nest elderly in the rural areas of this study was 10,and the lowest score was 0.The median(M)and quartile(P25,P75)were 6(5,10).The proportion of the population from high to low was as follows: moderate disorder of family support,severe disorder of family support,and good family support.3.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the family support and all dimensions of the rural empty-nest elderly were negatively correlated with the total scores of social avoidance and distress(r=-0.471,P<0.01).Conclusion:1.The proportion of moderate to severe social avoidance and distress of the empty-nest elderly in rural areas where this study was conducted was 47.7%.Therefore,we should focus on the social avoidance and distress of the rural empty-nest elderly,and give targeted intervention measures.2.The proportions of family support levels of rural empty-nest elderly in rural areas where this study surveyed are from high to low: moderate barriers to family support,severe barriers to family support,and good family support.Therefore,the level of family support for emptynest elderly in rural areas should be actively evaluated and improved.3.The family support of rural empty-nest elderly in the rural areas where this study was investigated was negatively correlated with social avoidance and distress,that is,the higher the score of family support for rural empty-nest elderly,the lower the degree of social avoidance and distress.The five dimensions of family support(adaptability,cooperation,growth,emotion,and intimacy)were negatively correlated with social avoidance and distress among empty-nest elderly in rural areas.Therefore,targeted methods should be developed to improve the level of family support,thereby reducing social avoidance and distress,and finally achieving the purpose of promoting health and improving the quality of life of emptynest elderly in rural areas.